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Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a kind of attractive machine learning method for obtaining solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs). Training PINNs can be seen as a semi-supervised learning task, in which only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jia Guo , Haifeng Wang , Chenping Hou

We present a new technique for the accelerated training of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs): discretely-trained PINNs (DT-PINNs). The repeated computation of partial derivative terms in the PINN loss functions via automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Ramansh Sharma , Varun Shankar

Solving time-dependent Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is one of the most critical problems in computational science. While Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a promising framework for approximating PDE solutions, their…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are at the forefront of scientific machine learning, making possible the creation of machine intelligence that is cognizant of physical laws and able to accurately simulate them. However, today's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jian Cheng Wong , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Joshua Shao Zheng Low , My Ha Dao , Yew-Soon Ong

It's well-known that inverse problems are ill-posed and to solve them meaningfully one has to employ regularization methods. Traditionally, popular regularization methods have been the penalized Variational approaches. In recent years, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Abinash Nayak

In this paper, we put forward a neural network framework to solve the nonlinear hyperbolic systems. This framework, named relaxation neural networks(RelaxNN), is a simple and scalable extension of physics-informed neural networks(PINN). It…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Nan Zhou , Zheng Ma

In many scientific and engineering (e.g., physical, biochemical, medical) practices, data generated through expensive experiments or large-scale simulations, are often sparse and noisy. Physics-informed neural network (PINN) incorporates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kai-liang Lu

When neural networks are trained from data to simulate the dynamics of physical systems, they encounter a persistent challenge: the long-time dynamics they produce are often unphysical or unstable. We analyze the origin of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Daniel Floryan

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) represent two distinct machine learning frameworks for modeling nonlinear neuronal dynamics. This study systematically evaluates their performance…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Nikolaos M. Matzakos , Chrisovalantis Sfyrakis

Sparse identification of nonlinear dynamical systems is a topic of continuously increasing significance in the dynamical systems community. Here we explore it at the level of lattice nonlinear dynamical systems of many degrees of freedom.…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2022-12-05 Sheikh Saqlain , Wei Zhu , Efstathios G. Charalampidis , Panayotis G. Kevrekidis

Deep neural networks (DNNs), especially physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), have recently become a new popular method for solving forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). However, these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Wenbo Cao , Weiwei Zhang

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) require regularity of solutions of the underlying PDE to guarantee accurate approximation. Consequently, they may fail at approximating discontinuous solutions of PDEs such as nonlinear hyperbolic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Tim De Ryck , Siddhartha Mishra , Roberto Molinaro

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a promising approach to solving differential equations and, more generally, to applying deep learning to problems in the physical sciences. We adopt a recently developed transfer learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Raphaël Pellegrin , Blake Bullwinkel , Marios Mattheakis , Pavlos Protopapas

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising framework for solving forward and inverse problems governed by differential equations. However, their reliability when used in ill-posed inverse problems remains poorly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 J. Penuela , H. Ouerdane

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) constitute a flexible deep learning approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which model phenomena ranging from heat conduction to quantum mechanical systems. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aleksander Krasowski , René P. Klausen , Aycan Celik , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek , Jonas Naujoks

The measurement of black hole spin is considered one of the key problems in relativistic astrophysics. Existing methods, such as continuum fitting, X-ray reflection spectroscopy and quasi-periodic oscillation analysis, have systematic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-13 Stella Menziltsidou

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising machine learning approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs face significant challenges in balancing multi-objective losses, as multiple…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Afrah Farea , Saiful Khan , Mustafa Serdar Celebi

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a prominent approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by minimizing a combined loss function that incorporates both boundary loss and PDE residual loss. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Youngsik Hwang , Dong-Young Lim

Accurately and stably solving the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations with physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) remains challenging, particularly for sparse or noisy observations and for flow regimes in which the local balance among…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-31 Ke Xu , Ze Tao , Fujun Liu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are mesh-free approaches for the numerical approximation of partial differential equations, where a neural network is trained by minimizing a loss function derived from the governing equations and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Medard Govoeyi , Thomas Richter