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Ultrasound imaging has become the preferred imaging modality for early cancer screening due to its advantages of non-ionizing radiation, low cost, and real-time imaging capabilities. However, conventional ultrasound diagnosis heavily relies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chaoyin She , Ruifang Lu , Lida Chen , Wei Wang , Qinghua Huang

The advent of foundation models has heralded a new era in medical artificial intelligence (AI), enabling the extraction of generalizable representations from large-scale unlabeled datasets. However, current ophthalmic AI paradigms are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tienyu Chang , Zhen Chen , Renjie Liang , Jinyu Ding , Jie Xu , Sunu Mathew , Amir Reza Hajrasouliha , Andrew J. Saykin , Ruogu Fang , Yu Huang , Jiang Bian , Qingyu Chen

The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) combined with the extensive amount of data generated by today's clinical systems, has led to the development of imaging AI solutions across the whole value chain of medical imaging,…

Most artificial intelligence (AI) research have concentrated in high-income countries, where imaging data, IT infrastructures and clinical expertise are plentiful. However, slower progress has been made in limited-resource environments…

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a cost-effective, highly accessible and widely employed diagnostic tool. With the advent of Foundation Models (FMs), the field of AI-assisted ECG interpretation has begun to evolve, as they enable model reuse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Francesca Filice , Edoardo De Rose , Simone Bartucci , Francesco Calimeri , Simona Perri

AI-assisted radiological interpretation is based on predominantly narrow, single-task models. This approach is impractical for covering the vast spectrum of imaging modalities, diseases, and radiological findings. Foundation models (FMs)…

The development of clinically reliable artificial intelligence (AI) systems for mammography is hindered by profound heterogeneity in data quality, metadata standards, and population distributions across public datasets. This heterogeneity…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Yalda Zafari , Hongyi Pan , Gorkem Durak , Ulas Bagci , Essam A. Rashed , Mohamed Mabrok

Foundation models in artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming medical imaging by enabling general-purpose feature learning from large-scale, unlabeled datasets. In this work, we introduce BrainFound, a self-supervised foundation model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Moona Mazher , Geoff J. M. Parker , Daniel C. Alexander

Frontier artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as OpenAI's GPT-5 and Meta's DINOv3, have advanced rapidly through training on internet-scale public data, yet such systems lack access to private clinical data. Neuroimaging, in…

Despite the rapid development of AI models in medical image analysis, their validation in real-world clinical settings remains limited. To address this, we introduce a generic framework designed for deploying image-based AI models in such…

AI Foundation models are gaining traction in various applications, including medical fields like radiology. However, medical foundation models are often tested on limited tasks, leaving their generalisability and biases unexplored. We…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize diagnosis and segmentation in medical imaging. However, development and clinical implementation face multiple challenges including limited data availability, lack of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Zelong Liu , Andrew Tieu , Nikhil Patel , Georgios Soultanidis , Louisa Deyer , Ying Wang , Sean Huver , Alexander Zhou , Yunhao Mei , Zahi A. Fayad , Timothy Deyer , Xueyan Mei

The early detection of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) is crucial for improving patient prognosis, yet its current diagnosis is highly operator-dependent. This paper aims to make the first attempt to develop an artificial…

Ultrasound imaging is widely used in clinical practice due to its cost-effectiveness, mobility, and safety. However, current AI research often treats disease prediction and tissue segmentation as two separate tasks and their model requires…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Zhi Chen , Le Zhang

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform medical imaging by automating image analysis and accelerating clinical research. However, research and clinical use are limited by the wide variety of AI implementations and…

The widespread use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in combination with deep learning shows promise for many high-impact automated diagnostic and prognostic tools. However, training new models requires large amounts of labeled data, a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Haoyu Dong , Yuwen Chen , Hanxue Gu , Nicholas Konz , Yaqian Chen , Qihang Li , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Advances in deep learning have significantly enhanced medical image analysis, yet the availability of large-scale medical datasets remains constrained by patient privacy concerns. We present EchoFlow, a novel framework designed to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Hadrien Reynaud , Alberto Gomez , Paul Leeson , Qingjie Meng , Bernhard Kainz

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), aiming to learn transferable neural representations from large-scale heterogeneous recordings. Despite rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Dingkun Liu , Yuheng Chen , Zhu Chen , Zhenyao Cui , Yaozhi Wen , Jiayu An , Jingwei Luo , Dongrui Wu

The clinical adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging requires models that are both diagnostically accurate and interpretable to clinicians. While current multimodal biomedical foundation models prioritize performance,…

Accurate delineation of anatomical structures in volumetric CT scans is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning. While AI has advanced automated segmentation, current approaches typically target individual structures, creating a…