English
Related papers

Related papers: Exploring Braess' paradox in pedestrian evacuation…

200 papers

In the stochastic exploration of geometrically embedded graphs, intuition suggests that providing a shortcut between a pair of nodes reduces the mean first passage time of the entire graph. Counterintuitively, we find a Braess paradox…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-06 Georgios Gounaris , Eleni Katifori

Pedestrians often need to decide between different routes they can use to reach their intended destinations, both during emergencies and in their daily lives. This route-choice behavior is important in determining traffic management,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-19 Hongliu Li , Jun Zhang , Long Xia , Weiguo Song , Nikolai W. F. Bode

We theoretically demonstrate that the transport inefficiency recently found experimentally for branched-out mesoscopic networks can also be observed in a quantum ring of finite width with an attached central horizontal branch. This is done…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 A. A. Sousa , Andrey Chaves , G. A. Farias , F. M. Peeters

We show the existence of the Braess paradox for a traffic network with nonlinear dynamics described by the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model for traffic flow. Furthermore, we show how one can employ control theory to avoid the paradox. The…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-03-30 Rinaldo M. Colombo , Helge Holden

Computer-based simulation of pedestrian dynamics reached meaningful results in the last decade, thanks to empirical evidences and acquired knowledge fitting fundamental diagram constraints and space utilization. Moreover, computational…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Luca Crociani , Daichi Yanagisawa , Giuseppe Vizzari , Katsuhiro Nishinari , Stefania Bandini

In human crowds as well as in many animal societies, local interactions among individuals often give rise to self-organized collective organizations that offer functional benefits to the group. For instance, flows of pedestrians moving in…

Braess's paradox -- where adding network capacity increases travel time -- is typically attributed to selfish agents. Although eusocial colonies maximize collective fitness, we find experimentally that \emph{Diacamma indicum} ants exhibit…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Joy Das Bairagya , Udipta Chakraborti , Sumana Annagiri , Sagar Chakraborty

Fundamental diagrams describing the relation between pedestrians speed and density are key points in understanding pedestrian dynamics. Experimental data evidence the onset of complex behaviors in which the velocity decreases with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-03 Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Matteo Colangeli , Adrian Muntean

We investigate the motion of pedestrians through obscure corridors where the lack of visibility (due to smoke, fog, darkness, etc.) hides the precise position of the exits. We focus our attention on a set of basic mechanisms, which we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-05-29 Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Adrian Muntean

Microfluidic systems are now being designed with precision to execute increasingly complex tasks. However, their operation often requires numerous external control devices due to the typically linear nature of microscale flows, which has…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-05-29 Daniel J. Case , Yifan Liu , Istvan Z. Kiss , Jean-Regis Angilella , Adilson E. Motter

The "faster is slower" effect raises when crowded people push each other to escape through an exit during an emergency situation. As individuals push harder, a statistical slowing down in the evacuation time can be achieved. The slowing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-08 I. M. Sticco , F. E. Cornes , G. A. Frank , C. O. Dorso

Traffic congestion games abstract away from the costs of junctions in transport networks, yet, in urban environments, these often impact journey times significantly. In this paper we equip congestion games with traffic lights, modelled as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Charlotte Roman , Paolo Turrini

We study the motion of pedestrians through an obscure tunnel where the lack of visibility hides the exits. Using a lattice model, we explore the effects of communication on the effective transport properties of the crowd of pedestrians.…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-02-17 E. N. M. Cirillo , M. Colangeli , A. Muntean

To systematically study the implications of additional information about routes provided to certain users (e.g., via GPS-based route guidance systems), we introduce a new class of congestion games in which users have differing information…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-06 Daron Acemoglu , Ali Makhdoumi , Azarakhsh Malekian , Asuman Ozdaglar

In this work we present a model for the evacuation of pedestrians from an enclosure considering a continuous space substrate and discrete time. We analyze the influence of behavioral features that affect the use of the empty space, that can…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-09-13 Víctor Dossetti , Sebastián Bouzat , Marcelo N. Kuperman

We study the performance of general dynamic matching models. This model is defined by a connected graph, where nodes represent the class of items and the edges the compatibilities between items. Items of different classes arrive one by one…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Arnaud Cadas , Josu Doncel , Jean-Michel Fourneau , Ana Bušić

Multiplex networks are representations of multilayer interconnected complex networks where the nodes are the same at every layer. They turn out to be good abstractions of the intricate connectivity of multimodal transportation networks,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-03-23 Albert Solé-Ribalta , Sergio Gómez , Alex Arenas

Recent advances in bottleneck studies have highlighted that different architectural adjustments at the exit may reduce the probability of clogging at the exit thereby enhancing the outflow of the individuals. However, those studies are…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-03-27 Xiaomeng Shi , Zhirui Ye , Nirajan Shiwakoti , Dounan Tang , Junkai Lin

The majority of research on safety in autonomous vehicles has been conducted in structured and controlled environments. However, there is a scarcity of research on safety in unregulated pedestrian areas, especially when interacting with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Enrico Del Re , Novel Certad , Joshua Varughese , Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

We study the evacuation dynamics of a crowd evacuating from a complex geometry in the presence of a fire as well as of a slowly spreading smoke curtain. The crowd is composed of two kinds of individuals: those who know the layout of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-11 Omar Richardson , Andrei Jalba , Adrian Muntean