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In the era of large language models (LLMs), code benchmarks have become an important research area in software engineering and are widely used by practitioners. These benchmarks evaluate the performance of LLMs on specific code-related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhiyuan Pan , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Xiaohu Yang

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has led to dramatic improvements across a wide range of natural language tasks. Their performance on certain tasks can be further enhanced by incorporating test-time reasoning techniques. These…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Saurabh Pujar , Ira Ceka , Irene Manotas , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray , Shyam Ramji

In the realm of embodied artificial intelligence, the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) play a pivotal role. Although there are effective methods like program-of-thought prompting for LLMs which uses programming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhen Bi , Ningyu Zhang , Yinuo Jiang , Shumin Deng , Guozhou Zheng , Huajun Chen

In this work, we analyze shortcomings in cross-lingual knowledge transfer in large, modern reasoning LLMs. We demonstrate that the perceived gap in knowledge transfer is primarily a script barrier. First, we conduct an observational data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Lucas Bandarkar , Alan Ansell , Trevor Cohn

Learning analytics researchers often analyze qualitative student data such as coded annotations or interview transcripts to understand learning processes. With the rise of generative AI, fully automated and human-AI workflows have emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Elham Tajik , Conrad Borchers , Bahar Shahrokhian , Sebastian Simon , Ali Keramati , Sonika Pal , Sreecharan Sankaranarayanan

Understanding and reasoning about code semantics is essential for enhancing code LLMs' abilities to solve real-world software engineering (SE) tasks. Although several code reasoning benchmarks exist, most rely on synthetic datasets or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Monoshi Kumar Roy , Simin Chen , Benjamin Steenhoek , Jinjun Peng , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray , Wei Le

A fundamental skill among human developers is the ability to understand and reason about program execution. As an example, a programmer can mentally simulate code execution in natural language to debug and repair code (aka. rubber duck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ansong Ni , Miltiadis Allamanis , Arman Cohan , Yinlin Deng , Kensen Shi , Charles Sutton , Pengcheng Yin

Large Language Models for Code (code LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various software engineering (SE) tasks, increasing the application of code LLMs in software development. Despite the success of code LLMs, there…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Thu-Trang Nguyen , Thanh Trong Vu , Hieu Dinh Vo , Son Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are unable to reliably reason about specific physical systems. Attempts to imbue LLMs with knowledge of the necessary physics concepts have shown great promise, but explainability and validation remain open…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sean Memery , Kartic Subr

The process mining community has recently recognized the potential of large language models (LLMs) for tackling various process mining tasks. Initial studies report the capability of LLMs to support process analysis and even, to some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Adrian Rebmann , Fabian David Schmidt , Goran Glavaš , Han van der Aa

Many reasoning, planning, and problem-solving tasks share an intrinsic algorithmic nature: correctly simulating each step is a sufficient condition to solve them correctly. This work studies to what extent Large Language Models (LLMs) can…

Developers deal with code-change-related tasks daily, e.g., reviewing code. Pre-trained code and code-change-oriented models have been adapted to help developers with such tasks. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Lishui Fan , Jiakun Liu , Zhongxin Liu , David Lo , Xin Xia , Shanping Li

Data profiling is critical in machine learning for generating descriptive statistics, supporting both deeper understanding and downstream tasks like data valuation and curation. This work addresses profiling specifically in the context of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Pankaj Thorat , Adnan Qidwai , Adrija Dhar , Aishwariya Chakraborty , Anand Eswaran , Hima Patel , Praveen Jayachandran

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly solve difficult problems by producing "reasoning traces" before emitting a final response. However, it remains unclear how accuracy and decision commitment evolve along a reasoning trajectory, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Marthe Ballon , Brecht Verbeken , Vincent Ginis , Andres Algaba

Thinking Large Language Models (LLMs) generate explicit intermediate reasoning traces before final answers, potentially improving transparency, interpretability, and solution accuracy for code generation. However, the quality of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used by software engineers for programming tasks. However, research shows that LLMs often lack a deep understanding of program semantics. Even minor changes to syntax, such as renaming variables, can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Francesca Lucchetti , Arjun Guha

Semantic Parsing aims to capture the meaning of a sentence and convert it into a logical, structured form. Previous studies show that semantic parsing enhances the performance of smaller models (e.g., BERT) on downstream tasks. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Kaikai An , Shuzheng Si , Helan Hu , Haozhe Zhao , Yuchi Wang , Qingyan Guo , Baobao Chang

With the widespread adoption of vibe coding, understanding the reasoning and robustness of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical for their reliable use in programming tasks. While recent studies assess LLMs' ability to predict program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Pedro Orvalho , Marta Kwiatkowska

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been applied to automate cyber security activities and processes including cyber investigation and digital forensics. However, the use of such models for cyber investigation and digital forensics should…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jonathan Pan , Swee Liang Wong , Xin Wei Chia , Yidi Yuan

Causal reasoning, the ability to identify cause-and-effect relationship, is crucial in human thinking. Although large language models (LLMs) succeed in many NLP tasks, it is still challenging for them to conduct complex causal reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Xiao Liu , Da Yin , Chen Zhang , Yansong Feng , Dongyan Zhao