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Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Eda B. Özyiğit

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled autonomous agents to interact with computers via Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), where accurately localizing the coordinates of interface elements (e.g., buttons) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hyunseok Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , Beomjun Kim , Jihoon Tack , Chansong Jo , Jaehong Lee , Cheonbok Park , Sookyo In , Jinwoo Shin , Kang Min Yoo

Utilizing Graphic User Interface (GUI) for human-computer interaction is essential for accessing a wide range of digital tools. Recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) highlight the compelling potential to develop versatile…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wentong Chen , Junbo Cui , Jinyi Hu , Yujia Qin , Junjie Fang , Yue Zhao , Chongyi Wang , Jun Liu , Guirong Chen , Yupeng Huo , Yuan Yao , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents powered by Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have emerged as a revolutionary approach to automating human-machine interactions, capable of autonomously operating personal devices (e.g., mobile…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ziang Ye , Yang Zhang , Wentao Shi , Xiaoyu You , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have increasingly become the main paradigm for understanding indoor scenes, but they still struggle with metric and spatial reasoning. Current approaches rely on end-to-end video understanding or large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fernando Ropero , Erkin Turkoz , Daniel Matos , Junqing Du , Antonio Ruiz , Yanfeng Zhang , Lu Liu , Mingwei Sun , Yongliang Wang

Perception-enhanced pre-training, particularly through grounding techniques, is widely adopted to enhance the performance of graphical user interface (GUI) agents. However, in resource-constrained scenarios, the format discrepancy between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zongru Wu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zheng Wu , Tianjie Ju , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) element grounding (precisely locating elements on screenshots based on natural language instructions) is fundamental for agents interacting with GUIs. Deploying this capability directly on resource-constrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hongxin Li , Yuntao Chen , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Video Question Answering (VQA) requires models to reason over spatial, temporal, and causal cues in videos. Recent vision language models (VLMs) achieve strong results but often rely on shallow correlations, leading to weak temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Haodi Ma , Vyom Pathak , Daisy Zhe Wang

Most visual grounding solutions primarily focus on realistic images. However, applications involving synthetic images, such as Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), remain limited. This restricts the development of autonomous computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-21 El Hassane Ettifouri , Jessica López Espejel , Laura Minkova , Tassnim Dardouri , Walid Dahhane

Grounding natural language queries in graphical user interfaces (GUIs) presents a challenging task that requires models to comprehend diverse UI elements across various applications and systems, while also accurately predicting the spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhecheng Li , Guoxian Song , Yiwei Wang , Zhen Xiong , Junsong Yuan , Yujun Cai

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently achieved significant progress in bridging visual perception and linguistic reasoning. Recently, OpenAI o3 model introduced a zoom-in search strategy that effectively elicits active perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wanfu Wang , Qipeng Huang , Guangquan Xue , Xiaobo Liang , Juntao Li

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding - the task of mapping natural language instructions to screen coordinates - is essential for autonomous agents and accessibility technologies. Existing systems rely on monolithic models or one-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 SeokJoo Kwak , Jihoon Kim , Boyoun Kim , Jung Jae Yoon , Wooseok Jang , Jeonghoon Hong , Jaeho Yang , Yeong-Dae Kwon

GUI agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) show promise in automating complex digital tasks. However, their effectiveness in real-world applications is often limited by scarce training data and the inherent complexity of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ran Xu , Kaixin Ma , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang , Dong Yu

GUI agents powered by Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in understanding and executing user instructions. However, accurately grounding instruction-relevant elements from high-resolution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yichao Liu , Huawen Shen , Liu Yu , Shiyu Liu , Zeyu Chen , Yu Zhou

Recent Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents replicate the R1-Zero paradigm, coupling online Reinforcement Learning (RL) with explicit chain-of-thought reasoning prior to object grounding and thereby achieving substantial performance gains.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Shuai Wang , Kaiwen Zhou , Qinglin Jia , Jun Xu

Generalization is a pivotal challenge for agents following natural language instructions. To approach this goal, we leverage a vision-language model (VLM) for visual grounding and transfer its vision-language knowledge into reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Haobin Jiang , Zongqing Lu

Graphical user interface visual grounding (GUI-VG), a core capability for GUI agents, has primarily relied on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which demands extensive data curation and significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Weitai Kang , Bin Lei , Gaowen Liu , Caiwen Ding , Yan Yan

Auxiliary lines are essential for solving complex geometric problems but remain challenging for large vision-language models (LVLMs). Recent attempts construct auxiliary lines via code-driven rendering, a strategy that relies on accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shasha Guo , Liang Pang , Xi Wang , Yanling Wang , Huawei Shen , Jing Zhang

Reasoning capabilities have significantly improved the performance of vision-language models (VLMs) in domains such as mathematical problem-solving, coding, and visual question-answering. However, their impact on real-world applications…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Li Zhang , Longxi Gao , Mengwei Xu

Vision language models (VLMs) have advanced graphical user interface (GUI) task automation but still lag behind humans. We hypothesize this gap stems from missing core GUI knowledge, which existing training schemes (such as supervised fine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chenrui Shi , Zedong Yu , Zhi Gao , Ruining Feng , Enqi Liu , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Liuyu Xiang , Zhaofeng He , Qing Li