English
Related papers

Related papers: Mendelian Randomization Methods for Causal Inferen…

200 papers

Mendelian Randomization is a widely used instrumental variable method for assessing causal effects of lifelong exposures on health outcomes. Many exposures, however, have causal effects that vary across the life course and often influence…

In the past decade, the increased availability of genome-wide association studies summary data has popularized Mendelian Randomization (MR) for conducting causal inference. MR analyses, incorporating genetic variants as instrumental…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Zhongming Xie , Wanheng Zhang , Jingshen Wang , Chong Wu

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method of exploiting genetic variation to unbiasedly estimate a causal effect in presence of unmeasured confounding. MR is being widely used in epidemiology and other related areas of population science. In…

Applications · Statistics 2019-01-03 Qingyuan Zhao , Jingshu Wang , Gibran Hemani , Jack Bowden , Dylan S. Small

The results from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) on thousands of phenotypes provide an unprecedented opportunity to infer the causal effect of one phenotype (exposure) on another (outcome). Mendelian randomization (MR), an…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-30 Jia Zhao , Jingsi Ming , Xianghong Hu , Gang Chen , Jin Liu , Can Yang

Mendelian Randomization (MR) is a popular method in epidemiology and genetics that uses genetic variation as instrumental variables for causal inference. Existing MR methods usually assume most genetic variants are valid instrumental…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-15 Daniel Iong , Qingyuan Zhao , Yang Chen

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a natural experimental design based on the random transmission of genes from parents to offspring. However, this inferential basis is typically only implicit or used as an informal justification. As…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-19 Matthew J Tudball , George Davey Smith , Qingyuan Zhao

Instrumental variables have been widely used for estimating the causal effect between exposure and outcome. Conventional estimation methods require complete knowledge about all the instruments' validity; a valid instrument must not have a…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-23 Hyunseung Kang , Anru Zhang , T. Tony Cai , Dylan S. Small

Background In a study performed on multiplex Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Sardinian families to identify disease causing plasma proteins, application of Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods encounters difficulties due to relatedness of…

Multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to infer the direct effects of multiple exposures on an outcome. However, unlike univariable Mendelian randomization, MVMR often faces greater…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-19 Yinxiang Wu , Hyunseung Kang , Ting Ye

The method of multivariable Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants to instrument multiple exposures, to estimate the effect that a given exposure has on an outcome conditional on all other exposures included in a linear model.…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-20 Ashish Patel , James Lane , Stephen Burgess

Valid estimation of a causal effect using instrumental variables requires that all of the instruments are independent of the outcome conditional on the risk factor of interest and any confounders. In Mendelian randomization studies with…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-23 Andrew J. Grant , Stephen Burgess

Mendelian randomization (MR) has been a popular method in genetic epidemiology to estimate the effect of an exposure on an outcome using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IV), with two-sample summary-data MR being the most…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-08 Sheng Wang , Hyunseung Kang

Background: Mendelian randomization (MR) is a useful approach to causal inference from observational studies when randomised controlled trials are not feasible. However, study heterogeneity of two association studies required in MR is often…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-16 Linyi Zou , Hui Guo , Carlo Berzuini

Mendelian randomization (MR) is an instrumental variable (IV) approach to infer causal relationships between exposures and outcomes with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data. However, the multivariable inverse-variance…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-13 Yihe Yang , Noah Lorincz-Comi , Xiaofeng Zhu

Objective: The growing availability of large-scale observational clinical datasets and challenges in conducting randomized controlled trials have spurred enthusiasm in using causal machine learning (ML) for causal inference in observational…

Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to make causal claims. Standard MR approaches typically report a single population-averaged estimate, limiting their ability to explore effect heterogeneity or…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-16 Stephen Burgess , Benjamin A R Woolf , Amy M Mason

Mendelian randomization (MR) has become a popular approach to study causal effects by using genetic variants as instrumental variables. We propose a new MR method, GENIUS-MAWII, which simultaneously addresses the two salient phenomena that…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-27 Ting Ye , Zhonghua Liu , Baoluo Sun , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants to make causal inferences about the effect of a risk factor on an outcome. With fine-mapped genetic data, there may be hundreds of genetic variants in a single gene region any of which could be…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-10 Stephen Burgess , Verena Zuber , Elsa Valdes-Marquez , Benjamin B Sun , Jemma C Hopewell

Causal machine learning (CML) has experienced increasing popularity in healthcare. Beyond the inherent capabilities of adding domain knowledge into learning systems, CML provides a complete toolset for investigating how a system would react…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Pedro Sanchez , Jeremy P. Voisey , Tian Xia , Hannah I. Watson , Alison Q. ONeil , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Background: Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely applied to causal inference in medical research. It uses genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to investigate putative causal relationship between an exposure and an…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-04 Linyi Zou , Hui Guo , Carlo Berzuini