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The principal observation of the present paper is that an inner isotopy (i.e. a principal isotopy defined by an algebra endomorphism) is a very helpful instrument in constructing and studying interesting classes of nonassociative algebras.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Vladimir G. Tkachev

We study the Radical Identity Testing problem (RIT): Given an algebraic circuit representing a polynomial $f\in \mathbb{Z}[x_1, \ldots, x_k]$ and nonnegative integers $a_1, \ldots, a_k$ and $d_1, \ldots,$ $d_k$, written in binary, test…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Nikhil Balaji , Klara Nosan , Mahsa Shirmohammadi , James Worrell

Deterministic black-box polynomial identity testing (PIT) for read-once oblivious algebraic branching programs (ROABPs) is a central open problem in algebraic complexity, particularly in the absence of variable ordering. Prior deterministic…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Shalender Singh , Vishnupriya Singh

Certificates of non-negativity such as Putinar's Positivstellensatz have been used to obtain powerful numerical techniques to solve polynomial optimization (PO) problems. Putinar's certificate uses sum-of-squares (sos) polynomials to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Javer Pena , Juan C. Vera , Luis F. Zuluaga

In this work we resolve conjectures of Beecken, Mitmann and Saxena [BMS13] and Gupta [Gup14], by proving an analog of a theorem of Edelstein and Kelly for quadratic polynomials. As immediate corollary we obtain the first deterministic…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Shir Peleg , Amir Shpilka

We study the problem of polynomial identity testing (PIT) for depth 2 arithmetic circuits over matrix algebra. We show that identity testing of depth 3 (Sigma-Pi-Sigma) arithmetic circuits over a field F is polynomial time equivalent to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-08 Chandan Saha , Ramprasad Saptharishi , Nitin Saxena

Algebraic independence is an advanced notion in commutative algebra that generalizes independence of linear polynomials to higher degree. Polynomials {f_1, ..., f_m} \subset \F[x_1, ..., x_n] are called algebraically independent if there is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-02-15 Malte Beecken , Johannes Mittmann , Nitin Saxena

Polynomial Identity Testing (PIT) is a fundamental computational problem. The famous depth-$4$ reduction result by Agrawal and Vinay (FOCS 2008) has made PIT for depth-$4$ circuits an enticing pursuit. A restricted depth-4 circuit computing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Pranjal Dutta , Prateek Dwivedi , Nitin Saxena

The algebras considered in this paper are commutative rings of which the additive group is a finite-dimensional vector space over the field of rational numbers. We present deterministic polynomial-time algorithms that, given such an…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-10-05 H. W. Lenstra , A. Silverberg

Two polynomials $f, g \in \mathbb{F}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ are called shift-equivalent if there exists a vector $(a_1, \ldots, a_n) \in \mathbb{F}^n$ such that the polynomial identity $f(x_1+a_1, \ldots, x_n+a_n) \equiv g(x_1,\ldots,x_n)$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Zeev Dvir , Rafael Oliveira , Amir Shpilka

We propose a general methodology for testing whether a given polynomial with integer coefficients is identically zero. The methodology evaluates the polynomial at efficiently computable approximations of suitable irrational points. In…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zhi-Zhong Chen , Ming-Yang Kao

In this paper we study the complexity of factorization of polynomials in the free noncommutative ring $\mathbb{F}\langle x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n\rangle$ of polynomials over the field $\mathbb{F}$ and noncommuting variables $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n$.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-01-06 V. Arvind , Pushkar S Joglekar , Gaurav Rattan

In (Kabanets, Impagliazzo, 2004) it is shown how to decide the circuit polynomial identity testing problem (CPIT) in deterministic subexponential time, assuming hardness of some explicit multilinear polynomial family for arithmetical…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-10-09 Maurice Jansen

We study the problems of testing isomorphism of polynomials, algebras, and multilinear forms. Our first main results are average-case algorithms for these problems. For example, we develop an algorithm that takes two cubic forms $f, g\in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Joshua A. Grochow , Youming Qiao , Gang Tang

Let A be an algebra whose group of units U(A) satisfies a Laurent polynomial identity (LPI). We establish conditions on these polynomials in such a way that nil-generated algebras and group algebras with torsion groups over infinite fields…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-03-11 Claudenir Freire Rodrigues

Let L be a restricted Lie superalgebra with its restricted enveloping algebra u(L) over a field F of characteristic p>2. A polynomial identity is called non-matrix if it is not satisfied by the algebra of 2\times 2 matrices over F. We…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-02-26 Hamid Usefi

Motivated by the fundamental lower bounds questions in proof complexity, we initiate the study of matrix identities as hard instances for strong proof systems. A matrix identity of $d \times d$ matrices over a field $\mathbb{F}$, is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-09-04 Fu Li , Iddo Tzameret

We study the complexity of representing polynomials as a sum of products of polynomials in few variables. More precisely, we study representations of the form $$P = \sum_{i = 1}^T \prod_{j = 1}^d Q_{ij}$$ such that each $Q_{ij}$ is an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-04-24 Mrinal Kumar , Shubhangi Saraf

Polynomial expansions are important in the analysis of neural network nonlinearities. They have been applied thereto addressing well-known difficulties in verification, explainability, and security. Existing approaches span classical Taylor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Mauro J. Sanchirico , Xun Jiao , C. Nataraj

We study polynomial identities of nonassociative algebras constructed by using infinite binary words and their combinatorial properties. Infinite periodic and Sturmian words were first applied for constructing examples of algebras with…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-07-03 Dušan D. Repovš , Mikhail V. Zaicev