Related papers: Gradients, parallelism, and variance of quantum es…
An important application for near-term quantum computing lies in optimization tasks, with applications ranging from quantum chemistry and drug discovery to machine learning. In many settings --- most prominently in so-called parametrized or…
Linear optical circuits with single-photon sources offer a promising platform for quantum chemistry and machine learning. However, current applications are all based on support vector machines or gradient-free optimization methods. This…
We discuss a Quantum Non-Demolition Measurement (QNDM) protocol to estimate the derivatives of a cost function with a quantum computer. %This is a key step for the implementation of variational quantum circuits. The cost function, which is…
Many optimization methods for training variational quantum algorithms are based on estimating gradients of the cost function. Due to the statistical nature of quantum measurements, this estimation requires many circuit evaluations, which is…
Finding gradients is a crucial step in training machine learning models. For quantum neural networks, computing gradients using the parameter-shift rule requires calculating the cost function twice for each adjustable parameter in the…
Variational Quantum Algorithms have emerged as a leading paradigm for near-term quantum computation. In such algorithms, a parameterized quantum circuit is controlled via a classical optimization method that seeks to minimize a…
Gradient estimation is a central challenge in training parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) for hybrid quantum-classical optimization and learning problems. This difficulty arises from several factors, including the exponential…
Quantum advantage requires overcoming noise-induced degradation of quantum systems. Conventional methods for reducing noise such as error mitigation face scalability issues in deep circuits. Specifically, noise hampers the extraction of…
Sampling noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices is a fundamental step that converts coherent quantum-circuit outputs to measurement data for running variational quantum algorithms that utilize gradient and Hessian methods in cost-function…
Many near-term quantum computing algorithms are conceived as variational quantum algorithms, in which parameterized quantum circuits are optimized in a hybrid quantum-classical setup. Examples are variational quantum eigensolvers, quantum…
Gradient-based optimization is a key ingredient of variational quantum algorithms, with applications ranging from quantum machine learning to quantum chemistry and simulation. The parameter-shift rule provides a hardware-friendly method for…
Quantum Variational Circuits (QVCs) are often claimed as one of the most potent uses of both near term and long term quantum hardware. The standard approaches to optimizing these circuits rely on a classical system to compute the new…
The emergence of the Barren Plateau phenomenon poses a significant challenge to quantum machine learning. While most Barren Plateau analyses focus on single-qubit rotation gates, the gradient behavior of Parameterized Quantum Circuits built…
We develop three new methods to implement any Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU), a powerful quantum algorithmic tool with diverse applications. While the standard LCU procedure requires several ancilla qubits and sophisticated…
The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…
Hybrid quantum-classical optimization algorithms represent one of the most promising application for near-term quantum computers. In these algorithms the goal is to optimize an observable quantity with respect to some classical parameters,…
Variational quantum algorithms that are used for quantum machine learning rely on the ability to automatically differentiate parametrized quantum circuits with respect to underlying parameters. Here, we propose the rules for differentiating…
Variational quantum circuits characterise the state of a quantum system through the use of parameters that are optimised using classical optimisation procedures that typically rely on gradient information. The circuit-execution complexity…
We present a unitary-based gradient formulation for variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) that applies to general differentiable cost function defined by a parameterized quantum circuit composed of Pauli-generated rotations. The gradient is…
We present a novel method for determining gradients of parameterised quantum circuits (PQCs) in hybrid quantum-classical machine learning models by applying the multivariate version of the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation…