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In the context of magnetism, frustration arises when a group of spins cannot find a configuration that minimizes all of their pairwise interactions simultaneously. We consider the effects of the geometric frustration that arises in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 A. Jagannathan , B. Motz , E. Vedmedenko

Flat elastic sheets tend to display wrinkles and folds. From pieces of clothing down to two-dimensional crystals, these corrugations appear in response to strain generated by sheet compression or stretching, thermal or mechanical mismatch…

Magnetic domain-walls (DWs) with a preferred chirality exhibit very efficient current-driven motion. Since structural inversion asymmetry (SIA) is required for their stability, the observation of chiral domain walls in highly symmetric…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-04-14 Jeroen H. Franken , Mark Herps , Henk J. M. Swagten , Bert Koopmans

Chiral active materials are abundant in nature, including the cytoskeleton with attached motor proteins, rotary clusters of bacteria flagella, and self-spinning starfish embryos. These materials break both time reversal and mirror-image…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-17 Cheng-Tai Lee , Tom C. Lubensky , Tomer Markovich

Moire patterns result from setting a 2D material such as graphene on another 2D material with a small twist angle or from the lattice mismatch of 2D heterostructures. We present a continuum model for the elastic energy of these bilayer…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-03-28 Paul Cazeaux , Drake Clark , Rebecca Engelke , Philip Kim , Mitchell Luskin

So far the physics of moir\'e graphene bilayers at large, incommensurate rotation angles has been considered uninteresting. It has been held that the interlayer coupling in such structures is weak and the system can be thought of as a pair…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-01 Hridis K. Pal , Stephen Spitz , Markus Kindermann

The collective behavior of interacting magnetic moments can be strongly influenced by the topology of the underlying lattice. In geometrically frustrated spin systems, interesting chiral correlations may develop that are related to the spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Grohol , K. Matan , J. H. Cho , S. -H. Lee , J. W. Lynn , D. G. Nocera , Y. S. Lee

Twisted bilayers of two-dimensional semiconductors offer a versatile platform to engineer quantum states for charge carriers using moir\'e superlattice effects. Among the systems of recent interest are twistronic MoSe${}_{2}$/WSe${}_{2}$…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Isaac Soltero , Mikhail A. Kaliteevski , James G. McHugh , Vladimir V. Enaldiev , Vladimir I. Fal'ko

Chirality frustrates and shapes the assembly of flexible filaments in rope-like, twisted bundles and fibers by introducing gradients of both filament shape (i.e. curvature) and packing throughout the structure. Previous models of chiral…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-12-08 Douglas M. Hall , Gregory M. Grason

A domain wall (DW) in a ferromagnetic nanowire is composed of elementary topological bulk and edge defects with integer and fractional winding numbers, respectively, whose relative spatial arrangement determines the chirality of the DW.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-08-08 Aakash Pushp , Timothy Phung , Charles Rettner , Brian P. Hughes , See-Hun Yang , Luc Thomas , Stuart S. P. Parkin

Magnetic spin topological textures recently found their electrical counterparts in polar topologies emerging from the condensation of inhomogeneous polar atomic distortions. Here, we further extend the concept to other non-polar atomic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-10 Fernando Gómez-Ortiz , Louis Bastogne , Philippe Ghosez

Topological magnetism, characterized by topologically protected spin textures, offers rich physics and transformative prospects for spintronics. However, its stabilization typically demands external magnetic fields, preventing…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-06 Zhonglin He , Kaiying Dou , Wenhui Du , Ying Dai , Evgeny Y. Tsymbal , Yandong Ma

Magnetic domain walls are topological solitons whose internal structure is set by competing energies which sculpt them. In common ferromagnets, domain walls are known to be of either Bloch or N\'eel types. Little is established in the case…

Engineering moir\'e superlattices in van der Waals heterostructures provides fundamental control over emergent electronic, structural, and optical properties allowing to affect topological and correlated phenomena. This control is achieved…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Dongdong An , Tao Zhang , Qiaoling Xu , Hailing Guo , Majeed Ur Rehman , Dante M. Kennes , Angel Rubio , Lei Wang , Lede Xian

Biological organisms often have elongated, flexible structures with some degree of chirality in their bodies or movements. In nature, these organisms frequently take advantage of self-encapsulation mechanisms that create folded…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-04 Lorenzo Caprini , Iman Abdoli , Umberto Marini Bettolo Marconi , Hartmut Löwen

Chirality is an important concept that describes the asymmetry property of a system, which usually emerges spontaneously due to mirror symmetry breaking. Such spontaneous chirality manifests predominantly as parity breaking in modern…

We used nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study the shear deformation of metallic composites composed of alternating layers of Cu and Au. Our simulations reveal the formation of "vortices" or "swirls" if the bimaterial…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-15 Adrien Gola , Ruth Schwaiger , Peter Gumbsch , Lars Pastewka

It is well known that stacking domains form in moir\'e superlattices due to the competition between the interlayer van der Waals forces and intralayer elastic forces, which can be recognized as polar domains due to the local spontaneous…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-12 Daniel Bennett , Benjamin Remez

We study the effects of strain in moir\'e systems composed of honeycomb lattices. We elucidate the formation of almost perfect one-dimensional moir\'e patterns in twisted bilayer systems. The formation of such patterns is a consequence of…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-20 Andreas Sinner , Pierre A. Pantaleón , Francisco Guinea

We present experimental measurements on the spontaneous formation of compact spiral structures in vertically-vibrated granular chains. Under weak vibration, when the chain is quasi two-dimensional and self-avoiding, spiral structures emerge…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 R. E. Ecke , Z. A. Daya , M. K. Rivera , E. Ben-Naim