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Neural methods for Complex Query Answering (CQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) are widely believed to learn patterns that generalize beyond explicit graph structure, allowing them to infer answers that are unreachable through symbolic query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yannick Brunink , Daniel Daza , Yunjie He , Michael Cochez

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) requires identifying sparse critical moments in long videos and reasoning about their causal relationships to answer semantically complex questions. While recent advances in multimodal learning have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xinxin Dong , Baoyun Peng , Haokai Ma , Yufei Wang , Zixuan Dong , Fei Hu , Xiaodong Wang

Visual Question answering is a challenging problem requiring a combination of concepts from Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing. Most existing approaches use a two streams strategy, computing image and question features that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Will Norcliffe-Brown , Efstathios Vafeias , Sarah Parisot

Visual Grounding (VG) in Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems describes how well a system manages to tie a question and its answer to relevant image regions. Systems with strong VG are considered intuitively interpretable and suggest an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Daniel Reich , Felix Putze , Tanja Schultz

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) aims to answer natural language questions based on the information observed in videos. Despite the recent success of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) in image-language understanding and reasoning, they deal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Haibo Wang , Chenghang Lai , Yixuan Sun , Weifeng Ge

Question answering is an effective method for obtaining information from knowledge bases (KB). In this paper, we propose the Neural-Symbolic Complex Question Answering (NS-CQA) model, a data-efficient reinforcement learning framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Yuncheng Hua , Yuan-Fang Li , Guilin Qi , Wei Wu , Jingyao Zhang , Daiqing Qi

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) tasks, which aim to find answers based on knowledge graphs (KGs) for natural language questions. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xiao Long , Liansheng Zhuang , Chen Shen , Shaotian Yan , Yifei Li , Shafei Wang

Visual reasoning is challenging, requiring both precise object grounding and understanding complex spatial relationships. Existing methods fall into two camps: language-only chain-of-thought approaches, which demand large-scale (image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Damiano Marsili , Georgia Gkioxari

Complex Logical Query Answering (CLQA) over incomplete knowledge graphs is a challenging task. Recently, Query Embedding (QE) methods are proposed to solve CLQA by performing multi-hop logical reasoning. However, most of them only consider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Chongzhi Zhang , Zhiping Peng , Junhao Zheng , Linghao Wang , Ruifeng Shi , Qianli Ma

Structural knowledge graph foundation models aim to generalize reasoning to completely new graphs with unseen entities and relations. A key limitation of existing approaches like Ultra is their reliance on a single relational transformation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ling Xin , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Zahra Makki Nayeri , Steffen Staab

The current success of modern visual reasoning systems is arguably attributed to cross-modality attention mechanisms. However, in deliberative reasoning such as in VQA, attention is unconstrained at each step, and thus may serve as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Thao Minh Le , Vuong Le , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh , Truyen Tran

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) face a fundamental dilemma in video reasoning: they are caught between the prohibitive computational costs of verbose reasoning and the hallucination risks of efficient, ungrounded approaches. To resolve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yanxiang Huang , Guohua Gao , Zhaoyang Wei , Jianyuan Ni

Establishing a clear link between model predictions and the visual evidence that supports them is critical for transparency and reliability in multimodal reasoning, yet current multimodal large language model (MLLM) evaluations do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Mozhgan Nasr Azadani , Yimu Wang , Yongpeng Zhu , Lihong Chen , Milan Ganai , Sean Sedwards , Marco Pavone , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Evaluating and Rethinking the current landscape of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), we observe that widely-used visual-language projection approaches (e.g., Q-former or MLP) focus on the alignment of image-text descriptions yet ignore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Baotian Hu , Haoyuan Shi , Min Zhang

Understanding complex biomolecular mechanisms requires multi-step reasoning across molecular interactions, signaling cascades, and metabolic pathways. While large language models(LLMs) show promise in such tasks, their application to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Tianwen Lyu , Xiang Zhuang , Keyan Ding , Xinzhe Cao , Lei Liang , Wei Zhao , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Temporal tabular question answering presents a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring robust reasoning over structured data, which is a task where traditional prompting methods often fall short. These methods face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Atharv Kulkarni , Kushagra Dixit , Vivek Srikumar , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Logical reasoning over incomplete knowledge graphs to answer complex logical queries is a challenging task. With the emergence of new entities and relations in constantly evolving KGs, inductive logical reasoning over KGs has become a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Meng Han , Zhihao Fan , Haijun Shan , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Knowledge Graph-based Question Answering (KGQA) plays a pivotal role in complex reasoning tasks but remains constrained by two persistent challenges: the structural heterogeneity of Knowledge Graphs(KGs) often leads to semantic mismatch…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Peng Yu , En Xu , Bin Chen , Haibiao Chen , Yinfei Xu

Question answering (QA) is a core challenge in AI, particularly for complex queries requiring multi-hop reasoning across documents, or symbolic operations like aggregation or exhaustive listing. Retrieval-augmented generation has become the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Lorenzo Loconte , Timothy Hospedales , Cristina Cornelio

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have become powerful general-purpose assistants, yet their predictions often lack reliability and interpretability due to insufficient grounding in visual evidence. The emerging thinking-with-images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Meng Cao , Haoze Zhao , Can Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Ian Reid , Xiaodan Liang