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The continued operation of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detectors is enabling the first detailed measurements of the mass, spin, and redshift distributions of the merging binary black hole population. Our present…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-24 Thomas A. Callister , Will M. Farr

The short gravitational wave signal from the merger of compact binaries encodes a surprising amount of information about the strong-field dynamics of merger into frequencies accessible to ground-based interferometers. In this paper we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-14 R. O'Shaughnessy , L. London , J. Healy , D. Shoemaker

Binary black holes (BBHs) in eccentric orbits produce distinct modulations in gravitational waves (GWs); measuring orbital eccentricity provides evidence for dynamical binary formation channels. We analyze 57 GW events from the…

The spin-orbit tilt angles $\theta_{1(2)}$ of merging stellar-mass black holes provide key insights into their astrophysical origin. Non-parametric population modelling of The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations (2025a, arXiv:2508.18083)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-01 Jakob Stegmann , Fabio Antonini , Aleksandra Olejak , Sylvia Biscoveanu , Vivien Raymond , Stefano Rinaldi , Elizabeth Flanagan

Black-hole (BH) binaries with single-BH masses m=5--20 Msun, moving on quasicircular orbits, are among the most promising sources for first-generation ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. Until now, the development of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Alessandra Buonanno , Yanbei Chen , Michele Vallisneri

We present a systematic analysis of the complete set of observations of the black hole (BH) binary XTE J1550-564 obtained by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We study the fast time variability properties of the source and determine the spin…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 S. E. Motta , T. Muñoz-Darias , A. Sanna , R. Fender , T. Belloni , L. Stella

We study the expected spin misalignments of merging binary black holes (BHs) formed in isolation by combining state-of-the-art population-synthesis models with efficient post-Newtonian evolutions, thus tracking sources from stellar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-23 Davide Gerosa , Emanuele Berti , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Krzysztof Belczynski , Michael Kesden , Daniel Wysocki , Wojciech Gladysz

Binary black holes on quasicircular orbits with spins aligned with their orbital angular momentum have been testbeds for analytic and numerical relativity for decades, not least because symmetry ensures that such configurations are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-06 Davide Gerosa , Michael Kesden , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Antoine Klein , Emanuele Berti , Ulrich Sperhake , Daniele Trifirò

Spin precession occurs in binary black holes whose spins are misaligned with the orbital angular momentum. Otherwise, the spin configuration is constant and the subsequent binary dynamics and gravitational-wave emission are much simpler. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-03 Matthew Mould

There may exist stellar-mass binary black holes (BBH) which merge while orbiting nearby a supermassive black hole (SMBH). In such a triple system, the SMBH will modulate the gravitational waveform of the BBH through orbital Doppler shift…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-26 Andrew Laeuger , Brian Seymour , Yanbei Chen , Hang Yu

As gravitational-wave detectors become more sensitive, we will access a greater variety of signals emitted by compact binary systems, shedding light on their astrophysical origin and environment. A key physical effect that can distinguish…

Spin precession is a generic feature of compact binary coalescences, which leaves clear imprints in the gravitational waveforms. Building on previous work, we present an efficient time domain inspiral-merger-ringdown effective-one-body…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-27 Rossella Gamba , Sarp Akçay , Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Jake Williams

In dynamically formed binaries, the spins of the black holes tend to be misaligned with the system's orbital angular momentum. This causes the spins to precess and leads to an asymmetric emission of gravitational waves. The resulting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-20 Jannik Mielke , Angela Borchers , Frank Ohme

Among the most eagerly anticipated opportunities made possible by Advanced LIGO/Virgo are multimessenger observations of compact mergers. Optical counterparts may be short-lived so rapid characterization of gravitational wave (GW) events is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-23 Tyson B. Littenberg , Ben Farr , Scott Coughlin , Vicky Kalogera

Gravitational waves from precessing binary black holes exhibit new features that are absent in non-precessionary systems. All current waveform models take into account only the modulation of the signal due to precession. In this letter, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-22 Cheng Zhang , Wen-Biao Han , Shu-Cheng Yang

An accurate and precise measurement of the spins of individual merging black holes is required to understand their origin. While previous studies have indicated that most of the spin information comes from the inspiral part of the signal,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-17 Sylvia Biscoveanu , Maximiliano Isi , Vijay Varma , Salvatore Vitale

The precessional motion of binary black holes can be classified into one of three morphologies, based on the evolution of the angle between the components of the spins in the orbital plane: Circulating, librating around 0, and librating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-06-24 Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel , Khun Sang Phukon , N. V. Krishnendu , Anuradha Gupta

The two binary black-hole (BBH) coalescences detected by LIGO, GW150914 and GW151226, were relatively nearby sources, with a redshift of ~0.1. As the sensitivity of Advanced LIGO and Virgo increases in the next few years, they will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-05 Salvatore Vitale , Matthew Evans

The development of techniques to measure accurately black hole spins is crucial to study the physics and astrophysics of these objects. X-ray reflection spectroscopy is currently the most popular method to estimate the spins of accreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-15 Gitika Mall , Honghui Liu , Cosimo Bambi , James F. Steiner , Javier A. Garcia

The most general bound binary black hole (BBH) system has an eccentric orbit and precessing spins. The detection of such a system with significant eccentricity close to the merger would be a clear signature of dynamical formation. In order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-12 Khun Sang Phukon , Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel , Amitesh Singh , Anuradha Gupta