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Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a vital role in the early detection, monitoring, and management of various cardiovascular conditions. While existing models have achieved notable success in ECG interpretation, they fail to leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yuhao Xu , Xiaoda Wang , Jiaying Lu , Sirui Ding , Defu Cao , Huaxiu Yao , Yan Liu , Xiao Hu , Carl Yang

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a key diagnostic tool in cardiovascular health. Single-lead ECG recording is integrated into both clinical-grade and consumer wearables. While self-supervised pretraining of foundation models on unlabeled ECGs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuxuan Shu , Peter H. Charlton , Fahim Kawsar , Jussi Hernesniemi , Mohammad Malekzadeh

Synthetic data generation is an important application of machine learning in the field of medical imaging. While existing approaches have successfully applied fine-tuned diffusion models for synthesizing medical images, we explore potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Lakshmi Nair

The adoption of deep learning-based healthcare decision support systems such as the detection of irregular cardiac rhythm is hindered by challenges such as lack of access to quality data and the high costs associated with the collection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Sagnik Dakshit , Barbara Mukami Maweu , Sristi Dakshit , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran

Flow cytometry is a technology that rapidly measures antigen-based markers associated to cells in a cell population. Although analysis of flow cytometry data has traditionally considered one or two markers at a time, there has been…

Applications · Statistics 2010-03-30 Gyemin Lee , William Finn , Clayton Scott

Through automation, deep learning (DL) can enhance the analysis of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) images. However, DL methods require large amounts of high-quality data to produce accurate results, which is difficult to satisfy.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Emmanuel Oladokun , Musa Abdulkareem , Jurica Šprem , Vicente Grau

Modeling stochastic and irregularly sampled time series is a challenging problem found in a wide range of applications, especially in medicine. Neural stochastic differential equations (Neural SDEs) are an attractive modeling technique for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Xi Zhang , Yuan Pu , Yuki Kawamura , Andrew Loza , Yoshua Bengio , Dennis L. Shung , Alexander Tong

Flow Matching (FM) is a simulation-free method for learning a continuous and invertible flow to interpolate between two distributions, and in particular to generate data from noise. Inspired by the variational nature of the diffusion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-14 Chen Xu , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

High-quality power flow datasets are essential for training machine learning models in power systems. However, security and privacy concerns restrict access to real-world data, making statistically accurate and physically consistent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Milad Hoseinpour , Vladimir Dvorkin

Language-queried audio source separation (LASS) focuses on separating sounds using textual descriptions of the desired sources. Current methods mainly use discriminative approaches, such as time-frequency masking, to separate target sounds…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yi Yuan , Xubo Liu , Haohe Liu , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have established a new state-of-the-art in generative image synthesis, yet their deployment is hindered by significant computational overhead during inference, often requiring up to 1,000…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Srishti Gupta , Yashasvee Taiwade

Daily or weekly cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is employed in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for precise patient alignment. However, its clinical utility in quantitative tasks is hindered by severe artifacts and inaccurate Hounsfeld…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Junbo Peng , Huiqiao Xie , Tonghe Wang , Xiangyang Tang , Xiaofeng Yang

Designing photonic integrated circuits requires accurate electromagnetic field simulations, which remain computationally expensive even for simple device geometries. We present PIC-Flow, a generative neural surrogate that predicts…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-11 Joseph Quaratiello , Anthony Rizzo

Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the clinical gold standard for cardiac diagnosis, providing comprehensive spatial coverage of the heart necessary to detect conditions such as myocardial infarction (MI). However, their lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xinyan Guan , Yongfan Lai , Jiarui Jin , Jun Li , Haoyu Wang , Qinghao Zhao , Deyun Zhang , Shijia Geng , Shenda Hong

Objective: A novel ECG classification algorithm is proposed for continuous cardiac monitoring on wearable devices with limited processing capacity. Methods: The proposed solution employs a novel architecture consisting of wavelet transform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Saeed Saadatnejad , Mohammadhosein Oveisi , Matin Hashemi

Generative target speaker extraction (TSE) methods often produce more natural outputs than predictive models. Recent work based on diffusion or flow matching (FM) typically relies on a small, fixed number of reverse steps with a fixed step…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Tsun-An Hsieh , Minje Kim

Despite significant recent progress in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), there are numerous shortcomings associated with collecting Electroencephalography (EEG) signals in real-world environments. These include, but are not…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-14 Nik Khadijah Nik Aznan , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Jason Connolly , Noura Al Moubayed , Toby Breckon

Objective: Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals commonly suffer noise interference, such as baseline wander. High-quality and high-fidelity reconstruction of the ECG signals is of great significance to diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-19 Huayu Li , Gregory Ditzler , Janet Roveda , Ao Li

Deep generative models that produce novel molecular structures have the potential to facilitate chemical discovery. Flow matching is a recently proposed generative modeling framework that has achieved impressive performance on a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ian Dunn , David R. Koes

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is one of the most powerful technique of cardiovascular disease (CVD) early identification, and the introduction of intelligent wearable ECG devices has enabled daily monitoring. However, due to the need…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-08 Hongxiang Gao , Xingyao Wang , Zhenghua Chen , Min Wu , Jianqing Li , Chengyu Liu