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The paper investigates the epistemic conception of quantum states---the view that quantum states are not descriptions of quantum systems but rather reflect the assigning agents' epistemic relations to the systems. This idea, which can be…
A game-theoretic setting provides a mathematical basis for analysis of strategic interaction among competing agents and provides insights into both classical and quantum decision theory and questions of strategic choice. An outstanding…
Game theory is a well established branch of mathematics whose formalism has a vast range of applications from the social sciences, biology, to economics. Motivated by quantum information science, there has been a leap in the formulation of…
We propose the study of quantum games from the point of view of quantum information theory and statistical mechanics. Every game can be described by a density operator, the von Neumann entropy and the quantum replicator dynamics. There…
We consider two celebrated criteria for defining the non-classicality of bipartite bosonic quantum systems, the first stemming from information theoretic concepts and the second from physical constraints on the quantum phase-space.…
For a two-particle two-state system, sets of compatible propositions exist for which quantum mechanics and noncontextual hidden-variable theories make conflicting predictions for every individual system whatever its quantum state. This…
Entanglement of high-dimensional and multipartite quantum systems offer promising perspectives in quantum information processing. However, the characterization and measure of such kind of entanglement is of great challenge. Here we consider…
We consider unambiguous discrimination of two separable bipartite states, one being pure and the other being a rank-2 mixed state. There is a gap between the optimal success probability under global measurements and the one achieved by…
Nonlocal games yield an unusual perspective on entangled quantum states. The defining property of such games is that a set of players in joint possession of an entangled state can win the game with higher probability than is allowed by…
Within context of quantum logic, it is possible to assign dispersion-free probabilities to experimental propositions pertaining to qubits. This makes qubits distinct from the rest of quantum systems since the latter do not admit…
We discuss the realization of quantum advantage in a system without quantum entanglement but with non-zero quantum discord. We propose an optical realization of symmetric two-qubit $X$-states with controllable anti-diagonal elements. This…
We propose a coin-flip protocol which yields a string of strong, random coins and is fully simulatable against poly-sized quantum adversaries on both sides. It can be implemented with quantum-computational security without any set-up…
Unconditionally secure bit commitment is forbidden by quantum mechanics. We extend this no-go theorem to continuous-variable protocols where both players are restricted to use Gaussian states and operations, which is a reasonable assumption…
We investigate sampling procedures that certify that an arbitrary quantum state on $n$ subsystems is close to an ideal mixed state $\varphi^{\otimes n}$ for a given reference state $\varphi$, up to errors on a few positions. This task makes…
We discuss sequential unambiguous state-discrimination measurements performed on the same qubit. Alice prepares a qubit in one of two possible states. The qubit is first sent to Bob, who measures it, and then on to Charlie, who also…
We address perfect discrimination of two separable states. When available states are restricted to separable states, we can theoretically consider a larger class of measurements than the class of measurements allowed in quantum theory. The…
Quantum entanglement relies on the fact that pure quantum states are dispersive and often inseparable. Since pure classical states are dispersion-free they are always separable and cannot be entangled. However, entanglement is possible for…
A quantum board game is a multi-round protocol between a single quantum player against the quantum board. Molina and Watrous discovered quantum hedging. They gave an example for perfect quantum hedging: a board game with winning probability…
We consider a general version of the phenomenon of more nonlocality with less entanglement, within the framework of the unambiguous (i.e., conclusive) quantum state discrimination problem under local quantum operations and classical…
Description of nonclassicality of states has hitherto been through violation of Bell inequality and non-separability, with the latter being a stronger constraint. In this paper, we show that this can be further sharpened, by introducing the…