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Enabling robots to perform diverse tasks across varied environments is a central challenge in robot learning. While vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promise for generalizable robot skills, realizing their full potential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Junjie Wen , Yichen Zhu , Jinming Li , Zhibin Tang , Chaomin Shen , Feifei Feng

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven highly effective in eliciting the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Inspired by this success, recent studies have explored applying similar techniques to vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yan Chen , Long Li , Teng Xi , Long Zeng , Jingdong Wang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models for closed-loop robot control are typically cast under the Markov assumption, making them prone to errors on tasks requiring historical context. To incorporate memory, existing VLAs either retrieve from a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hang Li , Fengyi Shen , Dong Chen , Liudi Yang , Xudong Wang , Jinkui Shi , Zhenshan Bing , Ziyuan Liu , Alois Knoll

Post-training Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models via reinforcement learning (RL) in learned world models has emerged as an effective strategy to adapt to new tasks without costly real-world interactions. However, while using imagined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yucen Wang , Rui Yu , Fengming Zhang , Junjie Lu , Xinyao Qin , Tianxiang Zhang , Kaixin Wang , Li Zhao

In Vision-Language-Actionf(VLA) models, robustness to real-world perturbations is critical for deployment. Existing methods target simple visual disturbances, overlooking the broader multi-modal perturbations that arise in actions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jianing Guo , Zhenhong Wu , Chang Tu , Yiyao Ma , Xiangqi Kong , Zhiqian Liu , Jiaming Ji , Shuning Zhang , Yuanpei Chen , Kai Chen , Qi Dou , Yaodong Yang , Xianglong Liu , Huijie Zhao , Weifeng Lv , Simin Li

Amid growing efforts to leverage advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) for robotics, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently gained significant attention. By unifying vision, language, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Kento Kawaharazuka , Jihoon Oh , Jun Yamada , Ingmar Posner , Yuke Zhu

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large-scale Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models faces significant challenges in computational efficiency and data acquisition. We propose AcceRL, a fully asynchronous and decoupled RL framework designed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Chengxuan Lu , Shukuan Wang , Yanjie Li , Wei Liu , Shiji Jin , Fuyuan Qian , Peiming Li , Baigui Sun , Yang Liu

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in advancing robotic manipulation. However, previous approaches predominantly rely on the general comprehension capabilities of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yuqi Wang , Xinghang Li , Wenxuan Wang , Junbo Zhang , Yingyan Li , Yuntao Chen , Xinlong Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, particularly diffusion-based architectures, demonstrate transformative potential for embodied intelligence but are severely hampered by high computational and memory demands stemming from extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yantai Yang , Yuhao Wang , Zichen Wen , Luo Zhongwei , Chang Zou , Zhipeng Zhang , Chuan Wen , Linfeng Zhang

Multimodal large language models via reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex visual reasoning tasks, yet they remain limited in long-horizon multimodal scenarios, often suffering from visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chenghao Li , Fusheng Hao , Xikai Zhang , Likang Xiao , Yanwei Ren , Fuxiang Wu , Quan Chen , Liu Liu

This paper introduces a new hybrid framework that combines Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve robotic manipulation tasks. By utilizing RL for accurate low-level control and LLMs for high level task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Md Saad , Sajjad Hussain , Mohd Suhaib

Developing robust and general-purpose manipulation policies represents a fundamental objective in robotics research. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated promising capabilities for end-to-end robot control, existing…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a compelling framework for tackling complex robotic manipulation tasks, but they are often expensive to train. In this paper, we propose a novel VLA approach that leverages the competitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Max Argus , Jelena Bratulic , Houman Masnavi , Maxim Velikanov , Nick Heppert , Abhinav Valada , Thomas Brox

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Visual reasoning, a cornerstone of human intelligence, encompasses complex perceptual and logical processes essential for solving diverse visual problems. While advances in computer vision have produced powerful models for various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zetong Zhou , Dongping Chen , Zixian Ma , Zhihan Hu , Mingyang Fu , Sinan Wang , Yao Wan , Zhou Zhao , Ranjay Krishna

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of robotic manipulation tasks. Despite the success, extending large pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to the action space can induce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yiye Chen , Yanan Jian , Xiaoyi Dong , Shuxin Cao , Jing Wu , Patricio Vela , Benjamin E. Lundell , Dongdong Chen

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represent a major leap towards general-purpose robots, yet efficiently adapting them to novel, specific tasks in-situ remains a significant hurdle. While reinforcement learning (RL) is a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Baicheng Li , Dong Wu , Zike Yan , Xinchen Liu , Lusong Li , Zecui Zeng , Hongbin Zha

Long chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extensive reasoning traces lead to inefficiencies and increased time-to-first-token (TTFT). We propose a training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Roy Xie , David Qiu , Deepak Gopinath , Dong Lin , Yanchao Sun , Chong Wang , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its capability in solving various tasks but is notorious for its low sample efficiency. In this paper, we propose RLingua, a framework that can leverage the internal knowledge of large language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Liangliang Chen , Yutian Lei , Shiyu Jin , Ying Zhang , Liangjun Zhang

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly rely on end-to-end fine-tuning. While effective, this paradigm compromises the inherent generalization capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and incurs catastrophic…

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