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Long-range tasks demand reasoning over long inputs. However, existing solutions are limited, e.g., long-context models require large compute budgets, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) needs training data, and retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Dulhan Jayalath , James Bradley Wendt , Nicholas Monath , Sandeep Tata , Beliz Gunel

The increasing demand of dedicated accelerators to improve energy efficiency and performance has highlighted FPGAs as a promising option to deliver both. However, programming FPGAs in hardware description languages requires long time and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Maria A. Dávila-Guzmán , Rubén Gran Tejero , María Villarroya-Gaudó , Darío Suárez Gracia

Memory is a central capability for LLM agents operating across long-horizon tasks. Existing memory benchmarks predominantly evaluate retention of personalized information in multi-turn chat scenarios, overlooking the dynamic memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Wujiang Xu , Yu Wang , Kai Mei , Kaiqu Liang , Zhenting Wang , Mingyu Jin , Han Zhang , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Wenyue Hua , Sambit Sahu , Dimitris N. Metaxas

The evolution of large language models (LLMs) towards applications with ultra-long contexts faces challenges posed by the high computational and memory costs of the Transformer architecture. While existing sparse and linear attention…

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly operate in settings where a single context window is far too small to capture what has happened, what was learned, and what should not be repeated. Memory -- the ability to persist, organize,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pengfei Du

Optimizing GPU kernels with LLM agents is an iterative process over a large design space. Every candidate must be generated, compiled, validated, and profiled, so fewer trials will save both runtime and cost. We make two key observations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Vignesh Balaji , Sana Damani , Qijing Huang , Christos Kozyrakis

Large Language Models (LLMs) with expanding context windows face significant performance hurdles. While caching key-value (KV) states is critical for avoiding redundant computation, the storage footprint of long-context caches quickly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhiqiang Xie , Ziyi Xu , Mark Zhao , Yuwei An , Vikram Sharma Mailthody , Scott Mahlke , Michael Garland , Christos Kozyrakis

Large language models show promise as autonomous decision-making agents, yet their deployment in high-stakes domains remains fraught with risk. Without architectural safeguards, LLM agents exhibit catastrophic brittleness: identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Gokturk Aytug Akarlar

Agentic AI require persistent memory to store user-specific histories beyond the limited context window of LLMs. Existing memory systems use dense vector databases or knowledge-graph traversal (or hybrid), incurring high retrieval latency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yi Li , Lianjie Cao , Faraz Ahmed , Puneet Sharma , Bingzhe Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant challenges in long-context processing, including quadratic computational costs, information forgetting, and the context fragmentation inherent in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuoen Chen , Dongfang Li , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

End-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for autonomous driving unify perception, reasoning, and control in a single neural network, achieving strong driving performance but requiring 20-60GB of GPU memory-far exceeding the 12-16GB…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Seungwoo Roh , Huiyeong Kim , Jong-Chan Kim

Reasoning over ultra-long documents requires synthesizing sparse evidence scattered across distant segments under strict memory constraints. While streaming agents enable scalable processing, their passive memory update strategy often fails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xinyu Wang , Mingze Li , Peng Lu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Lifeng Shang , Jinping Li , Fei Mi , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Yufei Cui

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) efficiently on edge devices is often constrained by limited memory capacity and high power consumption. Low-bit quantization methods, particularly ternary quantization, have demonstrated significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Chenyang Yin , Zhenyu Bai , Pranav Venkatram , Shivam Aggarwal , Zhaoying Li , Tulika Mitra

LLM-based agents have been extensively applied across various domains, where memory stands out as one of their most essential capabilities. Previous memory mechanisms of LLM-based agents are manually predefined by human experts, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zeyu Zhang , Quanyu Dai , Rui Li , Xiaohe Bo , Xu Chen , Zhenhua Dong

The transition from standard generative AI to \emph{reasoning-centric architectures}, exemplified by models capable of extensive Chain-of-Thought~(CoT) processing, marks a fundamental paradigm shift in system requirements. Unlike…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Moiz Arif , Avinash Maurya , Sudharshan Vazhkudai , Bogdan Nicolae

Agentic workflows carry out complex tasks by orchestrating multiple large language models (LLMs) and tools. Serving such workflows at a target throughput with low latency is challenging because they can be defined using arbitrary agentic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Marcel Wagenländer , Otto White , Britannio Jarrett , Pedro Silvestre , Yanda Tao , Guo Li , Huanzhou Zhu , Llúis Vilanova , Peter Pietzuch

Large Language Models (LLMs) demand substantial computational resources, resulting in high energy consumption on GPUs. To address this challenge, we focus on Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) as an effective alternative that…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Takuto Ando , Yu Eto , Ayumu Takeuchi , Yasuhiko Nakashima

The computational challenges of Large Language Model (LLM) inference remain a significant barrier to their widespread deployment, especially as prompt lengths continue to increase. Due to the quadratic complexity of the attention…

Designing high-performance kernels requires expert-level tuning and a deep understanding of hardware characteristics. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled automated kernel generation, yet most existing systems rely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Kelun Lei , Hailong Yang , Huaitao Zhang , Xin You , Kaige Zhang , Zhongzhi Luan , Yi Liu , Depei Qian

Memory-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) are essential for developing capable, long-term AI agents. Recently, applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize memory operations, such as extraction, updating, and retrieval, has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ziliang Guo , Ziheng Li , Bo Tang , Feiyu Xiong , Zhiyu Li
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