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Accurate short-term precipitation forecasts predominantly rely on dense weather-radar networks, limiting operational value in places most exposed to climate extremes. We present TUPANN (Transferable and Universal Physics-Aligned Nowcasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Antônio Catão , Melvin Poveda , Leonardo Voltarelli , Paulo Orenstein

A 'nowcast' is a type of weather forecast which makes predictions in the very short term, typically less than two hours - a period in which traditional numerical weather prediction can be limited. This type of weather prediction has…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-05-12 Rachel Prudden , Samantha Adams , Dmitry Kangin , Niall Robinson , Suman Ravuri , Shakir Mohamed , Alberto Arribas

Precipitation nowcasting is of great importance for weather forecast users, for activities ranging from outdoor activities and sports competitions to airport traffic management. In contrast to long-term precipitation forecasts which are…

Intensifying climate change will lead to more extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall and drought. Accurate stream flow prediction models which are adaptable and robust to new circumstances in a changing climate will be an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Aleksis Pirinen , Olof Mogren , Mårten Västerdal

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly elevated weather prediction models. However, these models often falter in real-world scenarios due to their sensitivity to spatial-temporal shifts. This issue is particularly acute in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lu Han , Xu-Yang Chen , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Recent advances have introduced diffusion models for probabilistic streamflow forecasting, demonstrating strong early flood-warning skill. However, current implementations rely on recurrent Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) backbones and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yihan Wang , Annan Yu , Lujun Zhang , Charuleka Varadharajan , N. Benjamin Erichson

Designing early warning system for precipitation requires accurate short-term forecasting system. Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events, and hence such systems can prevent disasters and loss of life.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Ajitabh Kumar

Weather radar data are critical for nowcasting and an integral component of numerical weather prediction models. While weather radar data provide valuable information at high resolution, their ground-based nature limits their availability,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-03-07 Çağlar Küçük , Apostolos Giannakos , Stefan Schneider , Alexander Jann

Climate events arise from intricate, multivariate dynamics governed by global-scale drivers, profoundly impacting food, energy, and infrastructure. Yet, accurate weather prediction remains elusive due to physical processes unfolding across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Thomas Bailie , S. Karthik Mukkavilli , Varvara Vetrova , Yun Sing Koh

High-resolution nowcasting is an essential tool needed for effective adaptation to climate change, particularly for extreme weather. As Deep Learning (DL) techniques have shown dramatic promise in many domains, including the geosciences, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Shreya Agrawal , Luke Barrington , Carla Bromberg , John Burge , Cenk Gazen , Jason Hickey

Accurate nowcasting of convective clouds from satellite imagery is essential for mitigating the impacts of meteorological disasters, especially in developing countries and remote regions with limited ground-based observations. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Haoming Chen , Xiaohui Zhong , Qiang Zhai , Xiaomeng Li , Ying Wa Chan , Pak Wai Chan , Yuanyuan Huang , Hao Li , Xiaoming Shi

Time series forecasting is often fundamental to scientific and engineering problems and enables decision making. With ever increasing data set sizes, a trivial solution to scale up predictions is to assume independence between interacting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Kashif Rasul , Abdul-Saboor Sheikh , Ingmar Schuster , Urs Bergmann , Roland Vollgraf

To track rapid changes within our water sector, Global Water Models (GWMs) need to realistically represent hydrologic systems' response patterns - such as baseflow fraction - but are hindered by their limited ability to learn from data.…

Modelling of precipitation and its extremes is important for urban and agriculture planning purposes. We present a method for producing spatial predictions and measures of uncertainty for spatio-temporal data that is heavy-tailed and…

Applications · Statistics 2014-11-19 Yang Liu , Philip Kokic

Weather forecasting is a long-standing computational challenge with direct societal and economic impacts. This task involves a large amount of continuous data collection and exhibits rich spatiotemporal dependencies over long periods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xin Man , Chenghong Zhang , Jin Feng , Changyu Li , Jie Shao

In large lakes, ice cover plays an important role in shipping and navigation, coastal erosion, regional weather and climate, and aquatic ecosystem function. In this study, a novel deep learning model for ice cover concentration prediction…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Hazem Abdelhady , Cary Troy

Accurate medium-range precipitation forecasting is crucial for hydrometeorological risk management and disaster mitigation, yet remains challenging for current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. Traditional ensemble systems such as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Tianyi Xiong , Haonan Chen

Designing early warning systems for harsh weather and its effects, such as urban flooding or landslides, requires accurate short-term forecasts (nowcasts) of precipitation. Nowcasting is a significant task with several environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Christos Kaparakis , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Storm-scale convection-allowing models (CAMs) are an important tool for predicting the evolution of thunderstorms and mesoscale convective systems that result in damaging extreme weather. By explicitly resolving convective dynamics within…

Data assimilation (DA) integrates observations with a dynamical model to estimate states of PDE-governed systems. Model-driven methods (e.g., Kalman, particle) presuppose full knowledge of the true dynamics, which is not always satisfied in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-06 Siyi Chen , Yixuan Jia , Qing Qu , He Sun , Jeffrey A Fessler
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