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With the growing use of Large Language Model (LLM)-based Question-Answering (QA) systems in education, it is critical to evaluate their performance across individual pipeline components. In this work, we introduce {\model}, a modular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Meenakshi Mittal , Rishi Khare , Mihran Miroyan , Chancharik Mitra , Narges Norouzi

Latent Consistency Distillation (LCD) has emerged as a promising paradigm for efficient text-to-image synthesis. By distilling a latent consistency model (LCM) from a pre-trained teacher latent diffusion model (LDM), LCD facilitates the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jiachen Li , Weixi Feng , Wenhu Chen , William Yang Wang

It is important to develop mathematically tractable models than can interpret knowledge extracted from the data and provide reasonable predictions. In this paper, we present a Linear Distillation Learning, a simple remedy to improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Arip Asadulaev , Igor Kuznetsov , Andrey Filchenkov

Asking good questions is critical for comprehension and learning, yet evaluating and generating such questions remains a challenging problem. Prior work on inquisitive questions focuses on learner-generated, curiosity-driven queries and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Dong-Ho Lee , Hyundong Cho , Jonathan May , Jay Pujara

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are successful in addressing a multitude of vision-language understanding tasks, such as Visual Question Answering (VQA), but their memory and compute requirements remain a concern for practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Nikolaos Gkalelis , Vasileios Mezaris

This paper surveys the development of large language model (LLM)-based agents for question answering (QA). Traditional agents face significant limitations, including substantial data requirements and difficulty in generalizing to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Murong Yue

Distilling robust reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs) into smaller, computationally efficient student models remains an unresolved challenge. Despite recent advances, distilled models frequently suffer from superficial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Song Wang , Jundong Li , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu

Alignment techniques enable Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate outputs that align with human preferences and play a crucial role in their effectiveness. However, their impact often diminishes when applied to Small Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Shiping Gao , Fanqi Wan , Jiajian Guo , Xiaojun Quan , Qifan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are known to struggle with consistently generating truthful responses. While various representation intervention techniques have been proposed, these methods typically apply a universal representation correction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Hanyu Wang , Bochuan Cao , Yuanpu Cao , Jinghui Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to improve the policy (denoiser) of diffusion large language models (dLLMs), while being hindered by the intractability of the policy likelihood. A dominant and efficient family of methods replaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaohang Tang , Keyue Jiang , Che Liu , Qifang Zhao , Xiaoxiao Xu , Sangwoong Yoon , Ilija Bogunovic

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has inspired the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for unified understanding of vision and language. However, the increasing model size and computational complexity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yuxuan Cai , Jiangning Zhang , Haoyang He , Xinwei He , Ao Tong , Zhenye Gan , Chengjie Wang , Zhucun Xue , Yong Liu , Xiang Bai

Question-answering (QA) is an important application of Information Retrieval (IR) and language models, and the latest trend is toward pre-trained large neural networks with embedding parameters. Augmenting QA performances with these LLMs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lixiao Yang , Mengyang Xu , Weimao Ke

The recommendation of medication is a vital aspect of intelligent healthcare systems, as it involves prescribing the most suitable drugs based on a patient's specific health needs. Unfortunately, many sophisticated models currently in use…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yuanshao Zhu , Zijian Zhang , Feng Tian , Yefeng Zheng

Transferring the reasoning capability from stronger large language models (LLMs) to smaller ones has been quite appealing, as smaller LLMs are more flexible to deploy with less expense. Among the existing solutions, knowledge distillation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yijun Tian , Yikun Han , Xiusi Chen , Wei Wang , Nitesh V. Chawla

Can a large language model (LLM) improve at code generation using only its own raw outputs, without a verifier, a teacher model, or reinforcement learning? We answer in the affirmative with simple self-distillation (SSD): sample solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ruixiang Zhang , Richard He Bai , Huangjie Zheng , Navdeep Jaitly , Ronan Collobert , Yizhe Zhang

Modeling plausible student misconceptions is critical for AI in education. In this work, we examine how large language models (LLMs) reason about misconceptions when generating multiple-choice distractors, a task that requires modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yanick Zengaffinen , Andreas Opedal , Donya Rooein , Kv Aditya Srivatsa , Shashank Sonkar , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly improved text embeddings for a growing array of natural-language processing tasks. However, their opaqueness and proliferation into scientific domains such as neuroscience have created a growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Vinamra Benara , Chandan Singh , John X. Morris , Richard Antonello , Ion Stoica , Alexander G. Huth , Jianfeng Gao

The emergence of LLMs, like ChatGPT and Gemini, has marked the modern era of artificial intelligence applications characterized by high-impact applications generating text, images, and videos. However, these models usually ensue with one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Abdennour Boulesnane , Abdelhakim Souilah

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Due to the difficulty of obtaining high-quality human preference annotations, distilling preferences from generative LLMs has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hongli Zhou , Hui Huang , Wei Liu , Chenglong Wang , Xingyuan Bu , Lvyuan Han , Fuhai Song , Muyun Yang , Wenhao Jiang , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Distilling large language models (LLMs) typically involves transferring the teacher model's responses through supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this approach neglects the potential to distill both data (output content) and reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yudi Zhang , Lu Wang , Meng Fang , Yali Du , Chenghua Huang , Jun Wang , Qingwei Lin , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Dongmei Zhang , Saravan Rajmohan , Qi Zhang