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Use cases are widely employed to specify functional requirements, yet existing benchmarks are scarce and face the risk of being misaligned with actual system behavior, similarly limiting the rigorous evaluation of large language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shuyuan Xiao , Yiran Zhang , Weisong Sun , Xiaohong Chen , Yang Liu , Zhi Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable real-time function calling in edge AI systems but introduce significant computational overhead, leading to high power consumption and carbon emissions. Existing methods optimize for performance while…

Vision-language models (VLMs) integrate visual and textual information, enabling a wide range of applications such as image captioning and visual question answering, making them crucial for modern AI systems. However, their high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Gaurav Shinde , Anuradha Ravi , Emon Dey , Shadman Sakib , Milind Rampure , Nirmalya Roy

Modern language models (LMs) pose a new challenge in capability assessment. Static benchmarks inevitably saturate without providing confidence in the deployment tolerances of LM-based systems, but developers nonetheless claim that their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Michael Saxon , Ari Holtzman , Peter West , William Yang Wang , Naomi Saphra

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly embedded in organizational workflows. This has raised concerns over their energy consumption, financial costs, and data sovereignty. While performance benchmarks often celebrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jennifer Haase , Finn Klessascheck , Jan Mendling , Sebastian Pokutta

Most vision-language models (VLMs) apply a large language model (LLM) as the decoder, where the response tokens are generated sequentially through autoregression. Therefore, the number of output tokens can be the bottleneck of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Steven Li , Wei Wen , Qi Qian

Transformers have revolutionized the machine learning landscape, gradually making their way into everyday tasks and equipping our computers with "sparks of intelligence". However, their runtime requirements have prevented them from being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Stefanos Laskaridis , Kleomenis Katevas , Lorenzo Minto , Hamed Haddadi

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the field of artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and moving towards multi-modal functionality.…

The use of large language models (LLMs) for qualitative analysis is gaining attention in various fields, including software engineering, where qualitative methods are essential for understanding human and social factors. This study aimed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Matheus de Morais Leça , Lucas Valença , Reydne Santos , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

The exponential growth of text-based data in domains such as healthcare, education, and social sciences has outpaced the capacity of traditional qualitative analysis methods, which are time-intensive and prone to subjectivity. Large…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

In response to the urgent demand for grid stability and the complex challenges posed by renewable energy integration and electricity market dynamics, the power sector increasingly seeks innovative technological solutions. In this context,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Xiyuan Zhou , Huan Zhao , Yuheng Cheng , Yuji Cao , Gaoqi Liang , Guolong Liu , Wenxuan Liu , Yan Xu , Junhua Zhao

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated great potential in real-world applications. While existing research primarily focuses on improving their accuracy, the efficiency remains underexplored. Given the real-time demands of many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xiasi Wang , Tianliang Yao , Simin Chen , Runqi Wang , Lei YE , Kuofeng Gao , Yi Huang , Yuan Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have presented impressive performance across several transformative tasks. However, it is non-trivial to efficiently utilize large-scale cluster resources to develop LLMs, often riddled with numerous challenges…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Qinghao Hu , Zhisheng Ye , Zerui Wang , Guoteng Wang , Meng Zhang , Qiaoling Chen , Peng Sun , Dahua Lin , Xiaolin Wang , Yingwei Luo , Yonggang Wen , Tianwei Zhang

LLM based chatbots have become central interfaces in technical, educational, and analytical domains, supporting tasks such as code reasoning, problem solving, and information exploration. As these systems scale, sustainability concerns have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ronnie de Souza Santos , Cleyton Magalhães , Italo Santos

When we manually design an evolutionary optimization algorithm, we implicitly or explicitly assume a set of target optimization problems. In the case of automated algorithm design, target optimization problems are usually explicitly shown.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Lie Meng Pang , Hisao Ishibuchi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown useful applications in a variety of tasks, including data wrangling. In this paper, we investigate the use of an off-the-shelf LLM for schema matching. Our objective is to identify semantic…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Marcel Parciak , Brecht Vandevoort , Frank Neven , Liesbet M. Peeters , Stijn Vansummeren

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the state-of-the-art of many different natural language processing tasks. Although serving LLMs is computationally and memory demanding, the rise of Small Language Models (SLMs) offers new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Pol G. Recasens , Yue Zhu , Chen Wang , Eun Kyung Lee , Olivier Tardieu , Alaa Youssef , Jordi Torres , Josep Ll. Berral

Scientific research faces high costs and inefficiencies with traditional methods, but the rise of deep learning and large language models (LLMs) offers innovative solutions. This survey reviews transformer-based LLM applications across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Kaiyuan Tian , Linbo Qiao , Baihui Liu , Gongqingjian Jiang , Shanshan Li , Dongsheng Li