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Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive technology that measures changes in blood volume in the microvascular bed of tissue. It is commonly used in medical devices such as pulse oximeters and wrist worn heart rate monitors to monitor…

Continuous cardiovascular monitoring can play a key role in precision health. However, some fundamental cardiac biomarkers of interest, including stroke volume and cardiac output, require invasive measurements, e.g., arterial pressure…

Anemia is a prevalent hematological disorder that requires frequent hemoglobin monitoring for early diagnosis and effective management. Conventional hemoglobin assessment relies on invasive blood sampling, limiting its suitability for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Garima Sahu , Poorva Verma , Nachiket Tapas

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for diagnosing and monitoring cardiac health, but obtaining large-scale annotated ECG datasets is labor-intensive and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Mingsheng Cai , Jiuming Jiang , Wenhao Huang , Che Liu , Rossella Arcucci

Methods: We developed a self-supervised deep learning model that extracts meaningful patterns from multi-modal signals (Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrocardiography (ECG), and respiratory signals). The model was trained on data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhengxiao He , Huayu Li , Geng Yuan , William D. S. Killgore , Stuart F. Quan , Chen X. Chen , Ao Li

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, profiling the electrical activities of the heart, are used for a plethora of diagnostic applications. However, ECG systems require multiple leads or channels of signals to capture the complete view of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Nabil Ibtehaz , Masood Mortazavi

Current foundation model for photoplethysmography (PPG) signals is challenged by the intrinsic redundancy and noise of the signal. Standard masked modeling often yields trivial solutions while contrastive methods lack morphological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zongheng Guo , Tao Chen , Yang Jiao , Yi Pan , Xiao Hu , Manuela Ferrario

The effectiveness of self-supervised learning (SSL) for physiological time series depends on the ability of a pretraining objective to preserve information about the underlying physiological state while filtering out unrelated noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yenho Chen , Maxwell A. Xu , James M. Rehg , Christopher J. Rozell

Cardiovascular signals such as photoplethysmography (PPG), electrocardiography (ECG), and blood pressure (BP) are inherently correlated and complementary, together reflecting the health of cardiovascular system. However, their joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Zehua Chen , Yuyang Miao , Liyuan Wang , Luyun Fan , Danilo P. Mandic , Jun Zhu

Recently, wearable emotion recognition based on peripheral physiological signals has drawn massive attention due to its less invasive nature and its applicability in real-life scenarios. However, how to effectively fuse multimodal data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Yujin Wu , Mohamed Daoudi , Ali Amad

Objective: Electrocardiograms (ECGs) play a crucial role in diagnosing heart conditions; however, the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-based ECG analysis is often hindered by the limited availability of labeled data.…

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most effective sources of information mainly employed for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) connected with the abnormalities in heart rhythm. Clearly, single modality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-13 Thinh Phan , Duc Le , Patel Brijesh , Donald Adjeroh , Jingxian Wu , Morten Olgaard Jensen , Ngan Le

Exploiting photoplethysmography signals (PPG) for non-invasive blood pressure (BP) measurement is interesting for various reasons. First, PPG can easily be measured using fingerclip sensors. Second, camera-based approaches allow to derive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Fabian Schrumpf , Patrick Frenzel , Christoph Aust , Georg Osterhoff , Mirco Fuchs

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) are commonly recorded in intesive care unit (ICU) and operating room (OR). However, the high incidence of poor, incomplete, and inconsistent signal quality, can lead to false alarms or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zongheng Guo , Tao Chen , Manuela Ferrario

We apply the recently developed adaptive non-harmonic model based on the wave-shape function, as well as the time-frequency analysis tool called synchrosqueezing transform (SST) to model and analyze oscillatory physiological signals. To…

Subtle periodic signals such as blood volume pulse and respiration can be extracted from RGB video, enabling remote health monitoring at low cost. Advancements in remote pulse estimation -- or remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) -- are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Jeremy Speth , Nathan Vance , Patrick Flynn , Adam Czajka

Blood pressure (BP) is a key indicator of cardiovascular health. As hypertension remains a global cause of morbidity and mortality, accurate, continuous, and non-invasive BP monitoring is therefore of paramount importance.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Bálint Tóth , Dominik Senti , Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Jeffrey Zweidler , Alexandre Elsig , Luca Benini , Yawei Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a data-driven learning approach that utilizes the innate structure of the data to guide the learning process. In contrast to supervised learning, which depends on external labels, SSL utilizes the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Einari Vaaras , Manu Airaksinen , Okko Räsänen

Remote Photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a promising technique to monitor physiological signals such as heart rate from facial videos. However, the labeled facial videos in this research are challenging to collect. Current rPPG research is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Bingjie Wu , Zitong Yu , Yiping Xie , Wei Liu , Chaoqi Luo , Yong Liu , Rick Siow Mong Goh

Continuous monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and hemodynamic parameters such as peripheral resistance (R) and arterial compliance (C) are critical for early vascular dysfunction detection. While photoplethysmography (PPG) wearables has…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yaowen Zhang , Libera Fresiello , Peter H. Veltink , Dirk W. Donker , Ying Wang