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Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools, rivaling GANs in sample quality and mirroring the likelihood scores of autoregressive models. A subset of these models, exemplified by DDIMs, exhibit an inherent asymmetry: they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yixuan Wang , Shuangyin Li

Generative models are used as an alternative data augmentation technique to alleviate the data scarcity problem faced in the medical imaging field. Diffusion models have gathered special attention due to their innovative generation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-27 Ricardo Montoya-del-Angel , Karla Sam-Millan , Joan C Vilanova , Robert Martí

Generative models on discrete state-spaces have a wide range of potential applications, particularly in the domain of natural sciences. In continuous state-spaces, controllable and flexible generation of samples with desired properties has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hunter Nisonoff , Junhao Xiong , Stephan Allenspach , Jennifer Listgarten

In this work, we seek to simulate rare transitions between metastable states using score-based generative models. An efficient method for generating high-quality transition paths is valuable for the study of molecular systems since data is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Luke Triplett , Jianfeng Lu

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) have been widely used to model real world random phenomena. Existing works mainly focus on the case where the time series is modeled by a single SDE, which might be restrictive for modeling time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Zhongchang Sun , Yousef El-Laham , Svitlana Vyetrenko

Although generative diffusion models (GDMs) are widely used in practice, their theoretical foundations remain limited, especially concerning the impact of different discretization schemes applied to the underlying stochastic differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Emanuel Pfarr , Radu Timofte , Frank Werner

We introduce an inferential framework for a wide class of semi-linear stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Recent work has shown that numerical splitting schemes can preserve critical properties of such types of SDEs, give rise to…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-22 Shu Huang , Richard G. Everitt , Massimiliano Tamborrino , Adam M. Johansen

We describe a new, surprisingly simple algorithm, that simulates exact sample paths of a class of stochastic differential equations. It involves rejection sampling and, when applicable, returns the location of the path at a random…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexandros Beskos , Gareth O. Roberts

Discrete diffusion models are a class of generative models that produce samples from an approximated data distribution within a discrete state space. Often, there is a need to target specific regions of the data distribution. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Cheuk Kit Lee , Paul Jeha , Jes Frellsen , Pietro Lio , Michael Samuel Albergo , Francisco Vargas

Learning probabilistic models that can estimate the density of a given set of samples, and generate samples from that density, is one of the fundamental challenges in unsupervised machine learning. We introduce a new generative model based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Siavash A. Bigdeli , Geng Lin , Tiziano Portenier , L. Andrea Dunbar , Matthias Zwicker

Creating noise from data is easy; creating data from noise is generative modeling. We present a stochastic differential equation (SDE) that smoothly transforms a complex data distribution to a known prior distribution by slowly injecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Yang Song , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Diederik P. Kingma , Abhishek Kumar , Stefano Ermon , Ben Poole

In many mechanistic medical, biological, physical and engineered spatiotemporal dynamic models the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) can make simulations impractically slow. Biological models require the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-11 J. Quetzalcóatl Toledo-Marín , Geoffrey Fox , James P. Sluka , James A. Glazier

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models and score-matching models have proven to be very powerful for generative tasks. While these approaches have also been applied to the generation of discrete graphs, they have, so far, relied on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Kilian Konstantin Haefeli , Karolis Martinkus , Nathanaël Perraudin , Roger Wattenhofer

Generating continuous-time, continuous-space stochastic processes (e.g., videos, weather forecasts) conditioned on partial observations (e.g., first and last frames) is a fundamental challenge. Existing approaches, (e.g., diffusion models),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Gabe Guo , Thanawat Sornwanee , Lutong Hao , Elon Litman , Stefano Ermon , Jose Blanchet

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

We provide a new dynamic approach to scenario generation for the purposes of risk management in the banking industry. We connect ideas from conventional techniques -- like historical and Monte Carlo simulation -- and we come up with a…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2009-08-19 Juan-Pablo Ortega , Rainer Pullirsch , Josef Teichmann , Julian Wergieluk

We introduce stochastic normalizing flows, an extension of continuous normalizing flows for maximum likelihood estimation and variational inference (VI) using stochastic differential equations (SDEs). Using the theory of rough paths, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-27 Liam Hodgkinson , Chris van der Heide , Fred Roosta , Michael W. Mahoney

Generative diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful strategy to perform stochastic sampling in Bayesian inverse problems, delivering remarkably accurate solutions for a wide range of challenging applications. However, diffusion…

Computation · Statistics 2025-05-15 Abdul-Lateef Haji-Ali , Marcelo Pereyra , Luke Shaw , Konstantinos Zygalakis

An effective approach for sampling from unnormalized densities is based on the idea of gradually transporting samples from an easy prior to the complicated target distribution. Two popular methods are (1) Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), where…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-09 Junhua Chen , Lorenz Richter , Julius Berner , Denis Blessing , Gerhard Neumann , Anima Anandkumar

Irregular sampling intervals and missing values in real-world time series data present challenges for conventional methods that assume consistent intervals and complete data. Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs) offer an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 YongKyung Oh , Dong-Young Lim , Sungil Kim