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Federated learning (FL) is a type of distributed machine learning at the wireless edge that preserves the privacy of clients' data from adversaries and even the central server. Existing federated learning approaches either use (i) secure…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Mitra Hassani , Reza Gholizadeh

Scaling Federated Learning (FL) to billion-parameter models forces a challenging trade-off between privacy, scalability, and model utility. Existing solutions often tackle these challenges in isolation, sacrificing accuracy, relying on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Dario Fenoglio , Pasquale Polverino , Jacopo Quizi , Martin Gjoreski , Akash Dhasade , Marc Langheinrich

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative training among mutually distrusting parties. Model updates, rather than training data, are concentrated and fused in a central aggregation server. A key security challenge in FL is that an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Pau-Chen Cheng , Kevin Eykholt , Zhongshu Gu , Hani Jamjoom , K. R. Jayaram , Enriquillo Valdez , Ashish Verma

We show that aggregated model updates in federated learning may be insecure. An untrusted central server may disaggregate user updates from sums of updates across participants given repeated observations, enabling the server to recover…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Maximilian Lam , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks , Vijay Janapa Reddi , Michael Mitzenmacher

Secure aggregation enables a group of mutually distrustful parties, each holding private inputs, to collaboratively compute an aggregate value while preserving the privacy of their individual inputs. However, a major challenge in adopting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Romain de Laage , Peterson Yuhala , François-Xavier Wicht , Pascal Felber , Christian Cachin , Valerio Schiavoni

Federated Learning enables entities to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping their training data locally. It prevents data collection and aggregation and, therefore, mitigates the associated privacy risks. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Raouf Kerkouche , Gergely Ács , Claude Castelluccia

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed optimization of machine learning models while protecting privacy by independently training local models on each client and then aggregating parameters on a central server, thereby producing an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Chencheng Xu , Zhiwei Hong , Minlie Huang , Tao Jiang

Over the recent years, with the increasing adoption of Federated Learning (FL) algorithms and growing concerns over personal data privacy, Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning (PPFL) has attracted tremendous attention from both academia…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Ziyao Liu , Jiale Guo , Wenzhuo Yang , Jiani Fan , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jun Zhao

Privacy-preserving aggregation is a cornerstone for AI systems that learn from distributed data without exposing individual records, especially in federated learning and telemetry. Existing two-server protocols (e.g., Prio and successors)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Harish Karthikeyan , Antigoni Polychroniadou

Causal structure learning has been extensively studied and widely used in machine learning and various applications. To achieve an ideal performance, existing causal structure learning algorithms often need to centralize a large amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Jianli Huang , Xianjie Guo , Kui Yu , Fuyuan Cao , Jiye Liang

Federated learning is a technique that enables distributed clients to collaboratively learn a shared machine learning model while keeping their training data localized. This reduces data privacy risks, however, privacy concerns still exist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Vaikkunth Mugunthan , Anton Peraire-Bueno , Lalana Kagal

Secure aggregation, which is a core component of federated learning, aggregates locally trained models from distributed users at a central server. The ``secure'' nature of such aggregation consists of the fact that no information about the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Kai Wan , Xin Yao , Hua Sun , Mingyue Ji , Giuseppe Caire

Federated Learning is a machine learning setting that reduces direct data exposure, improving the privacy guarantees of machine learning models. Yet, the exchange of model updates between the participants and the aggregator can still leak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Pablo Montaña-Fernández , Ines Ortega-Fernandez

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-protected machine learning paradigm that allows model to be trained directly at the edge without uploading data. One of the biggest challenges faced by FL in practical applications is the heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Zirui Zhu , Ziyi Ye

Training fair machine learning models becomes more and more important. As many powerful models are trained by collaboration among multiple parties, each holding some sensitive data, it is natural to explore the feasibility of training fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xin Che , Jingdi Hu , Zirui Zhou , Yong Zhang , Lingyang Chu

Federated clustering addresses the critical challenge of extracting patterns from decentralized, unlabeled data. However, it is hampered by the flaw that current approaches are forced to accept a compromise between performance and privacy:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Guanxiong He , Jie Wang , Liaoyuan Tang , Zheng Wang , Rong Wang , Feiping Nie

While federated learning (FL) eliminates the transmission of raw data over a network, it is still vulnerable to privacy breaches from the communicated model parameters. Differential privacy (DP) is often employed to address such issues.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Evan Chen , Frank Po-Chen Lin , Dong-Jun Han , Christopher G. Brinton

In some real-world applications, data samples are usually distributed on local devices, where federated learning (FL) techniques are proposed to coordinate decentralized clients without directly sharing users' private data. FL commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xin-Chun Li , Shaoming Song , Yinchuan Li , Bingshuai Li , Yunfeng Shao , Yang Yang , De-Chuan Zhan

Federated learning (FL), a novel branch of distributed machine learning (ML), develops global models through a private procedure without direct access to local datasets. However, it is still possible to access the model updates (gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Mahtab Talaei , Iman Izadi

Federated learning (FL) as distributed machine learning has gained popularity as privacy-aware Machine Learning (ML) systems have emerged as a technique that prevents privacy leakage by building a global model and by conducting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae