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Non-stabilizer eigenstates of Clifford operators are natural candidates for endpoints of magic state distillation routines. We provide an explicit bestiary of all inequivalent non-stabilizer Clifford eigenstates for qutrits and ququints.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Akalank Jain , Shiroman Prakash

We present the generalization of the CNC formalism, based on closed and noncontextual sets of Pauli observables, to the setting of odd-prime-dimensional qudits. By introducing new CNC-type phase space point operators, we construct a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Michael Zurel , Arne Heimendahl

We propose efficient algorithms for classically simulating fermionic linear optics operations applied to non-Gaussian initial states. By gadget constructions, this provides algorithms for fermionic linear optics with non-Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-22 Beatriz Dias , Robert Koenig

Improving the simulation of quantum circuits on classical computers is important for understanding quantum advantage and increasing development speed. In this paper, we explore a new way to express stabilizer states and further improve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 Alexander Tianlin Hu , Andrey Boris Khesin

We describe generalizations of the Pauli group, the Clifford group and stabilizer states for qudits in a Hilbert space of arbitrary dimension d. We examine a link with modular arithmetic, which yields an efficient way of representing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Erik Hostens , Jeroen Dehaene , Bart De Moor

Recent advances in quantum hardware are bringing fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) closer to reality. In the early stage of FTQC, however, the numbers of available logical qubits and high-fidelity $T$ gates remain limited, making it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Yuya O. Nakagawa , Yasunori Lee

We employed the techniques from [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{70}, 052328 (2004)/arXiv:0406196] to analytically study two set of quantum circuits containing one $T$ gate/magic $|T\rangle = \frac{|0\rangle+\sqrt{i}|1\rangle}{\sqrt{2}}$ state. These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Kwok Ho Wan

We investigate the statistical properties of orthogonal, or real, Clifford circuits doped with magic and imaginary resources. By developing the Weingarten calculus for the real Clifford group, we derive the exact overlap distribution of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Beatrice Magni , Markus Heinrich , Lorenzo Leone , Xhek Turkeshi

We propose a sampling-based simulation for fault-tolerant quantum error correction under coherent noise. A mixture of incoherent and coherent noise, possibly due to over-rotation, is decomposed into Clifford channels with a quasiprobability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-22 Shigeo Hakkaku , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

This is the second in a series of "graphical grokking" papers in which we study how stabiliser codes can be understood using the ZX-calculus. In this paper we show that certain complex rules involving ZX-diagrams, called spider nest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Aleks Kissinger , John van de Wetering

Magic states were introduced in the context of Clifford circuits as a resource that elevates classically simulatable computations to quantum universal capability, while maintaining the same gate set. Here we study magic states in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-06 Martin Hebenstreit , Richard Jozsa , Barbara Kraus , Sergii Strelchuk , Mithuna Yoganathan

We present an algorithm for efficiently simulating a quantum circuit in the graph formalism. In the graph formalism, we represent states as a linear combination of graphs with Clifford operations on their vertices. We show how a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-09 Andrey Boris Khesin , Kevin Ren

Magic states enable universal, fault-tolerant quantum computation within the stabilizer framework. Their non-stabilizerness supplies the resource needed to bypass the Eastin-Knill theorem while allowing fault-tolerant distillation. Although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Muhammad Erew , Moshe Goldstein

Large-scale quantum computation is likely to require massive quantum error correction (QEC). QEC codes and circuits are described via the stabilizer formalism, which represents stabilizer states by keeping track of the operators that…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-08-09 Hector J. Garcia , Igor L. Markov , Andrew W. Cross

Stabilizer-based simulation of quantum error-correcting codes typically relies on the Pauli-twirling approximation (PTA) to render non-Clifford noise classically tractable, but PTA can distort the behavior of physically relevant channels…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Sean R. Garner , Nathan M. Myers , Meng Wang , Samuel Stein , Chenxu Liu , Ang Li

Hamiltonian simulation represents an important module in a large class of quantum algorithms and simulations such as quantum machine learning, quantum linear algebra methods, and modeling for physics, material science and chemistry. One of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-30 Albert T. Schmitz , Nicolas P. D. Sawaya , Sonika Johri , A. Y. Matsuura

To achieve universal quantum computation via general fault-tolerant schemes, stabilizer operations must be supplemented with other non-stabilizer quantum resources. Motivated by this necessity, we develop a resource theory for magic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde , Yuan Su

Noisy hardware forms one of the main hurdles to the realization of a near-term quantum internet. Distillation protocols allows one to overcome this noise at the cost of an increased overhead. We consider here an experimentally relevant…

Virtual distillation is a technique that aims to mitigate errors in noisy quantum computers. It works by preparing multiple copies of a noisy quantum state, bridging them through a circuit, and conducting measurements. As the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-11 Peiyi Li , Ji Liu , Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Paul Hovland , Huiyang Zhou

The simulation of complex quantum systems on a quantum computer is studied, taking the kicked Harper model as an example. This well-studied system has a rich variety of dynamical behavior depending on parameters, displays interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Benjamin Levi , Bertrand Georgeot
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