English
Related papers

Related papers: Memorization in Large Language Models in Medicine:…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely applied in various professional fields. By fine-tuning the models using domain specific question and answer datasets, the professional domain knowledge and Q\&A abilities of these models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qimin Yang , Rongsheng Wang , Jiexin Chen , Runqi Su , Tao Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are huge artificial neural networks which primarily serve to generate text, but also provide a very sophisticated probabilistic model of language use. Since generating a semantically consistent text requires a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Romuald A. Janik

Despite their wide adoption, the underlying training and memorization dynamics of very large language models is not well understood. We empirically study exact memorization in causal and masked language modeling, across model sizes and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Kushal Tirumala , Aram H. Markosyan , Luke Zettlemoyer , Armen Aghajanyan

There is vivid research on adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks in high-stakes domains such as healthcare. Despite their popularity, there is a lack of understanding of the extent and contributing factors that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Anand Subramanian , Viktor Schlegel , Abhinav Ramesh Kashyap , Thanh-Tung Nguyen , Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Stefan Winkler

Large language models (LLMs) store vast amounts of knowledge, which often requires updates to correct factual errors, incorporate newly acquired information, or adapt model behavior. Model editing methods have emerged as efficient solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Fufang Wen , Shichang Zhang

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in mimicking human-level language comprehension and reasoning. This has sparked significant interest in applying LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Mingze Yuan , Peng Bao , Jiajia Yuan , Yunhao Shen , Zifan Chen , Yi Xie , Jie Zhao , Yang Chen , Li Zhang , Lin Shen , Bin Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

Several recent works seek to adapt general-purpose large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) for medical applications through continued pretraining on publicly available biomedical corpora. These works typically claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Daniel P. Jeong , Pranav Mani , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton , Michael Oberst

Training data plays a pivotal role in AI models. Large language models (LLMs) are trained with massive amounts of documents, and their parameters hold document-related contents. Recently, several studies identified content-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Bumjin Park , Jaesik Choi

Large language models (LLMs) are known to memorize and recall English text from their pretraining data. However, the extent to which this ability generalizes to non-English languages or transfers across languages remains unclear. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Alisha Srivastava , Emir Korukluoglu , Minh Nhat Le , Duyen Tran , Chau Minh Pham , Marzena Karpinska , Mohit Iyyer

Concerned with privacy threats, memorization in LLMs is often seen as undesirable, specifically for learning. In this paper, we study whether memorization can be avoided when optimally learning a language, and whether the privacy threat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Bishwamittra Ghosh , Soumi Das , Qinyuan Wu , Mohammad Aflah Khan , Krishna P. Gummadi , Evimaria Terzi , Deepak Garg

While current large language models (LLMs) perform well on many knowledge-related tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with memorizing rare events and with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ali Modarressi , Abdullatif Köksal , Ayyoob Imani , Mohsen Fayyaz , Hinrich Schütze

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results on machine translation for high resource language pairs and domains. However, in specialised domains (e.g. medical) LLMs have shown lower performance compared to standard neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Miguel Rios

Fact knowledge memorization is crucial for Large Language Models (LLM) to generate factual and reliable responses. However, the behaviors of LLM fact memorization remain under-explored. In this paper, we analyze the scaling laws for LLM's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xingyu Lu , Xiaonan Li , Qinyuan Cheng , Kai Ding , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in question answering (QA), but metrics for assessing their reliance on memorization versus retrieval remain underdeveloped. Moreover, while finetuned models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Peter Carragher , Abhinand Jha , R Raghav , Kathleen M. Carley

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have expanded beyond natural language processing to scientific prediction tasks, including molecular property prediction. However, their effectiveness in in-context learning remains…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in understanding and generating responses to complex queries through large-scale pre-training. However, the efficacy of these models in memorizing and reasoning among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Qiyuan He , Yizhong Wang , Wenya Wang

Past literature has illustrated that language models (LMs) often memorize parts of training instances and reproduce them in natural language generation (NLG) processes. However, it is unclear to what extent LMs "reuse" a training corpus.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Jooyoung Lee , Thai Le , Jinghui Chen , Dongwon Lee

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to encode knowledge during pre-training on large text corpora. They can leverage this knowledge for downstream tasks like question answering (QA), even in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Juraj Vladika , Phillip Schneider , Florian Matthes

Large language models (LLMs) often require vast amounts of text to effectively acquire new knowledge. While continuing pre-training on large corpora or employing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven successful, updating an LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hugo Abonizio , Thales Almeida , Roberto Lotufo , Rodrigo Nogueira