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Speech emotion recognition (SER), particularly for naturally expressed emotions, remains a challenging computational task. Key challenges include the inherent subjectivity in emotion annotation and the imbalanced distribution of emotion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tiantian Feng , Thanathai Lertpetchpun , Dani Byrd , Shrikanth Narayanan

Speech emotion recognition is the task of recognizing the speaker's emotional state given a recording of their utterance. While most of the current approaches focus on inferring emotion from isolated utterances, we argue that this is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Raghavendra Pappagari , Piotr Żelasko , Jesús Villalba , Laureano Moro-Velazquez , Najim Dehak

In recent years, speech emotion recognition (SER) has been used in wide ranging applications, from healthcare to the commercial sector. In addition to signal processing approaches, methods for SER now also use deep learning techniques.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 Sneha Das , Nicole Nadine Lønfeldt , Anne Katrine Pagsberg , Line H. Clemmensen

Emotion recognition in conversation (ERC), the task of discerning human emotions for each utterance within a conversation, has garnered significant attention in human-computer interaction systems. Previous ERC studies focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yumeng Fu , Junjie Wu , Zhongjie Wang , Meishan Zhang , Lili Shan , Yulin Wu , Bingquan Li

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) task has known significant improvements over the last years with the advent of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, even the most successful methods are still rather failing when adaptation to specific…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-16 Clément Le Moine , Nicolas Obin , Axel Roebel

For question-answering (QA) tasks, in-context learning (ICL) enables language models to generate responses without modifying their parameters by leveraging examples provided in the input. However, the effectiveness of ICL heavily depends on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ruhan Wang , Zhiyong Wang , Chengkai Huang , Rui Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao , John C. S. Lui , Dongruo Zhou

Speech Emotion Captioning (SEC) has gradually become an active research task. The emotional content conveyed through human speech are often complex, and classifying them into fixed categories may not be enough to fully capture speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ziqi Liang , Haoxiang Shi , Hanhui Chen

This paper investigates the in-context learning abilities of the Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) models released by OpenAI. A novel speech-based in-context learning (SICL) approach is proposed for test-time adaptation, which can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Siyin Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Ji Wu , Chao Zhang

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is the use of machines to detect the emotional state of humans based on the speech, which is gaining importance in natural human-computer interaction. Speech is a very valuable source of information, as…

This work presents self-supervised learning methods for developing monaural speaker-specific (i.e., personalized) speech enhancement models. While generalist models must broadly address many speakers, specialist models can adapt their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-28 Aswin Sivaraman , Minje Kim

We propose a novel transfer learning method for speech emotion recognition allowing us to obtain promising results when only few training data is available. With as low as 125 examples per emotion class, we were able to reach a higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Jonathan Boigne , Biman Liyanage , Ted Östrem

In-context learning (ICL), teaching a large language model (LLM) to perform a task with few-shot demonstrations rather than adjusting the model parameters, has emerged as a strong paradigm for using LLMs. While early studies primarily used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Man Luo , Xin Xu , Zhuyun Dai , Panupong Pasupat , Mehran Kazemi , Chitta Baral , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Vincent Y Zhao

After pre-training by generating the next word conditional on previous words, the Language Model (LM) acquires the ability of In-Context Learning (ICL) that can learn a new task conditional on the context of the given in-context examples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Haokun Chen , Xu Yang , Yuhang Huang , Zihan Wu , Jing Wang , Xin Geng

Accurate uncertainty quantification is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models, and prior research has demonstrated improvements in the calibration of modern language models (LMs). We study in-context learning (ICL), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hanlin Zhang , Yi-Fan Zhang , Yaodong Yu , Dhruv Madeka , Dean Foster , Eric Xing , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Sham Kakade

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) has been traditionally formulated as a classification task. However, emotions are generally a spectrum whose distribution varies from situation to situation leading to poor Out-of-Domain (OOD) performance.…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hazim Bukhari , Soham Deshmukh , Hira Dhamyal , Bhiksha Raj , Rita Singh

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) are well-known for being capable of solving a task simply by conditioning a few input-label pairs dubbed demonstrations on a prompt without being explicitly tuned for the desired downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Hyuhng Joon Kim , Hyunsoo Cho , Junyeob Kim , Taeuk Kim , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-goo Lee

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models to perform few-shot learning by conditioning on labeled examples in the prompt. Despite its flexibility, ICL suffers from instability -- especially as prompt length increases with more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Josip Jukić , Jan Šnajder

In-context Learning (ICL) is an emerging few-shot learning paradigm on Language Models (LMs) with inner mechanisms un-explored. There are already existing works describing the inner processing of ICL, while they struggle to capture all the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hakaze Cho , Mariko Kato , Yoshihiro Sakai , Naoya Inoue

In this work, we propose a novel method for modeling numerous speakers, which enables expressing the overall characteristics of speakers in detail like a trained multi-speaker model without additional training on the target speaker's…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jungil Kong , Junmo Lee , Jeongmin Kim , Beomjeong Kim , Jihoon Park , Dohee Kong , Changheon Lee , Sangjin Kim

Despite the surprising few-shot performance of in-context learning (ICL), it is still a common practice to randomly sample examples to serve as context. This paper advocates a new principle for ICL: self-adaptive in-context learning. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Zhiyong Wu , Yaoxiang Wang , Jiacheng Ye , Lingpeng Kong