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Recent advancements in large multimodal models (LMMs) have shown strong capabilities in audio understanding. However, most systems rely solely on end-to-end reasoning, limiting interpretability and accuracy for tasks that require structured…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kuan-Yi Lee , Tsung-En Lin , Hung-Yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver powerful AI capabilities but face deployment challenges due to high resource costs and latency, whereas Small Language Models (SLMs) offer efficiency and deployability at the cost of reduced performance.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yi Chen , JiaHao Zhao , HaoHao Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks and beyond. This success of LLMs has led to a large influx of research contributions in this direction. These works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Humza Naveed , Asad Ullah Khan , Shi Qiu , Muhammad Saqib , Saeed Anwar , Muhammad Usman , Naveed Akhtar , Nick Barnes , Ajmal Mian

The rapid advancement of generative audio models has outpaced the development of robust evaluation methodologies. Existing objective metrics and general multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often struggle with domain generalization,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Leying Zhang , Bowen Shi , Haibin Wu , Bach Viet Do , Yanmin Qian

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods have become critical in scientific applications to help accelerate scientific discovery. Large language models (LLMs) are being considered as a promising approach to address some of the challenging…

The ability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to perceive and comprehend audio signals is crucial for many applications. Although significant progress has been made in this area since the development of AudioSet, most existing models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Yuan Gong , Hongyin Luo , Alexander H. Liu , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have made significant progress. While increasingly deployed in real-world applications, LALMs face growing safety risks from jailbreak attacks that bypass safety alignment. However, there remains a lack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zifan Peng , Yule Liu , Zhen Sun , Mingchen Li , Zeren Luo , Jingyi Zheng , Wenhan Dong , Xinlei He , Xuechao Wang , Yingjie Xue , Shengmin Xu , Xinyi Huang

Large language models have achieved remarkable success on general NLP tasks, but they may fall short for domain-specific problems. Recently, various Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RALLMs) are proposed to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Shangqing Tu , Yuanchun Wang , Jifan Yu , Yuyang Xie , Yaran Shi , Xiaozhi Wang , Jing Zhang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

The burgeoning field of Large Language Models (LLMs), exemplified by sophisticated models like OpenAI's ChatGPT, represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. These models, however, bring forth substantial challenges in…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revitalized philosophical debates surrounding artificial intelligence. Two of the most fundamental challenges - namely, the Frame Problem and the Symbol Grounding Problem - have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shoko Oka

This study presents a framework for automated evaluation of dynamically evolving topic taxonomies in scientific literature using Large Language Models (LLMs). In digital library systems, topic modeling plays a crucial role in efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhiyin Tan , Jennifer D'Souza

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred significant progress in Large Speech-Language Models (LSLMs), enhancing their capabilities in both speech understanding and generation. While existing LSLMs often concentrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Shoutao Guo , Shaolei Zhang , Qingkai Fang , Zhengrui Ma , Min Zhang , Yang Feng

Effective evaluation of language models remains an open challenge in NLP. Researchers and engineers face methodological issues such as the sensitivity of models to evaluation setup, difficulty of proper comparisons across methods, and the…

In the era of large language models (LLMs) and artificial general intelligence (AGI), computer audition must evolve beyond traditional paradigms to fully leverage the capabilities of foundation models, towards more comprehensive…

With the increasing capabilities of large language models (LLMs), these high-performance models have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the models' performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Guanting Dong , Jinxu Zhao , Tingfeng Hui , Daichi Guo , Wenlong Wan , Boqi Feng , Yueyan Qiu , Zhuoma Gongque , Keqing He , Zechen Wang , Weiran Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have become central to modern AI workflows, powering applications from open-ended text generation to complex agent-based reasoning. However, debugging these models remains a persistent challenge due to their…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the landscape of machine learning, yet current benchmarks often fall short in capturing the diverse behavior of these models in real-world applications. A benchmark's usefulness is determined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Ravi Raju , Swayambhoo Jain , Bo Li , Jonathan Li , Urmish Thakker

Recently, large language models(LLMs) have played an increasingly important role in solving a wide range of NLP tasks, leveraging their capabilities of natural language understanding and generating. Integration with external tools further…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aiyao He , Sijia Cui , Shuai Xu , Yanna Wang , Bo Xu

Audio comprehension-including speech, non-speech sounds, and music-is essential for achieving human-level intelligence. Consequently, AI agents must demonstrate holistic audio understanding to qualify as generally intelligent. However,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent an advanced evolution of earlier, simpler language models. They boast enhanced abilities to handle complex language patterns and generate coherent text, images, audios, and videos. Furthermore, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Jun Huang , Jiawei Zhang , Qi Wang , Weihong Han , Yanchun Zhang