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There is a growing need for robots that can change their shape, size and mechanical properties to adapt to evolving tasks and environments. However, current shape-changing systems generally utilize bespoke, system-specific mechanisms that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Niklas Hagemann , Daniela Rus

Shape change enables new capabilities for robots. One class of robots capable of dramatic shape change is soft growing "vine" robots. These robots usually feature global actuation methods for bending that limit them to simple,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Rianna Jitosho , Sofia Simon-Trench , Allison M. Okamura , Brian H. Do

Modular Active Cell Robots (MACROs) are a design paradigm for modular robotic hardware that uses only two components, namely actuators and passive compliant joints. Under the MACRO approach, a large number of actuators and joints are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Gaurav Singh , Ahsan Nawroj , Aaron M Dollar

Adaptive structures are of interest for their ability to dynamically modify mechanical properties post fabrication, enabling structural performance that is responsive to environmental uncertainty and changing loading conditions. Dynamic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Kai Jun Chen , Maria Sakovsky

Soft-growing robots (i.e., vine robots) are a promising class of soft robots that allow for navigation and growth in tightly confined environments. However, these robots remain challenging to model and control due to the complex interplay…

We introduce and analyze a model for self-reconfigurable robots made up of unit-cube modules. Compared to past models, our model aims to newly capture two important practical aspects of real-world robots. First, modules often do not occupy…

Continuum robots have gained widespread popularity due to their inherent compliance and flexibility, particularly their adjustable levels of stiffness for various application scenarios. Despite efforts to dynamic modeling and control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Bowen Yi , Yeman Fan , Dikai Liu , Jose Guadalupe Romero

The purpose of this research is to design, fabricate and test a tendon driven a continuum soft robot with three modular segments, each of which has a tunable stiffness enabled by layer jamming technology. Compared with previous studies, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Zhong Ouyang

Vine-inspired robots achieve large workspace coverage through tip eversion, enabling safe navigation in confined and cluttered environments. However, their deployment in free space is fundamentally limited by low axial stiffness, poor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Ayodele James Oyejide , Ustaz A. Yaqub , Samir Erturk , Eray A. Baran , Fabio Stroppa

Modular and reconfigurable robotic systems have been designed to provide a customized solution for the non-repetitive tasks to be performed in a constrained environment. Customized solutions are normally extracted from task-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Anubhav Dogra , Sakshay Mahna , Srikant Sekhar Padhee , Ekta Singla

Reconfigurable robots are at the forefront of robotics innovation due to their unmatched versatility and adaptability in addressing various tasks through collaborative operations. This paper explores the design and implementation of a novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Ollie Wiltshire , Seyed Amir Tafrishi

With a slender redundant body, the tendon-driven robot (TDR) has a large workspace and great maneuverability while working in complex environments. TDR comprises multiple independently controlled robot segments, each with a set of driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Botao Lin , Shuang Song , Jiaole Wang

In human-robot systems, ensuring safety during force control in the presence of both internal and external disturbances is crucial. As a typical loosely coupled floating-base robot system, the supernumerary robotic leg (SRL) system is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jun Huo , Kehan Xu , Chengyao Li , Yu Cao , Jie Zuo , Xinxing Chen , Jian Huang

Modular soft robots have shown higher potential in sophisticated tasks than single-module robots. However, the modular structure incurs the complexity of accurate control and necessitates a control strategy specifically for modular robots.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Zixi Chen , Matteo Bernabei , Vanessa Mainardi , Xuyang Ren , Gastone Ciuti , Cesare Stefanini

Soft robots are distinguished by their flexibility and adaptability, allowing them to perform nearly impossible tasks for rigid robots. However, controlling their behavior is challenging due to their nonlinear material response and infinite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Juan C. Osorio , Jhonatan S. Rincon , Harith Morgan , Andres F. Arrieta

Modern, torque-controlled service robots can regulate contact forces when interacting with their environment. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a powerful method to solve the underlying control problem, allowing to plan for whole-body…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Maria Vittoria Minniti , Ruben Grandia , Kevin Fäh , Farbod Farshidian , Marco Hutter

We present the design, characterization, and experimental results for a new modular robotic system for programmable self-assembly. The proposed system uses the Hybrid Cube Model (HCM), which integrates classical features from both…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Usman A. Fiaz , Jeff S. Shamma

The Piecewise Constant Curvature (PCC) model is the most widely used soft robotic modeling and control. However, the PCC fails to accurately describe the deformation of the soft robots when executing dynamic tasks or interacting with the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Zhanchi Wang , Gaotian Wang , Xiaoping Chen , Nikolaos M. Freris

Model-based manipulation of deformable objects has traditionally dealt with objects while neglecting their dynamics, thus mostly focusing on very lightweight objects at steady state. At the same time, soft robotic research has made…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Sebastien Tiburzio , Tomás Coleman , Daniel Feliu-Talegon , Cosimo Della Santina

Lattice-based modular robot systems are envisioned for large-scale construction in extreme environments, such as space. Coupling mechanisms for heterogeneous structural modules should meet all of the following requirements: single-sided…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Keigo Torii , Kentaro Uno , Shreya Santra , Kazuya Yoshida