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Filtered approximate nearest neighbor search (FANNS), an extension of approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) that incorporates scalar filters, has been widely applied to constrained retrieval of vector data. Despite its growing…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yanjun Lin , Kai Zhang , Zhenying He , Yinan Jing , X. Sean Wang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) constitutes an important operation in a multitude of applications, including recommendation systems, information retrieval, and pattern recognition. In the past decade, graph-based ANNS algorithms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Mengzhao Wang , Xiaoliang Xu , Qiang Yue , Yuxiang Wang

Approximate Nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is fundamental and essential operation in applications from many domains, such as databases, machine learning, multimedia, and computer vision. Although many algorithms have been continuously…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Wen Li , Ying Zhang , Yifang Sun , Wei Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Advances in embedding models for text, image, audio, and video drive progress across multiple domains, including retrieval-augmented generation, recommendation systems, and others. Many of these applications require an efficient method to…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Patrick Iff , Paul Bruegger , Marcin Chrapek , David Kochergin , Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications increasingly rely on Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (FANNS) to combine semantic retrieval with metadata constraints. While algorithmic innovations for FANNS have been proposed,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Abylay Amanbayev , Brian Tsan , Tri Dang , Florin Rusu

Filtered approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) restricts the search to data objects whose attributes satisfy a given filter and retrieves the top-$K$ objects that are most semantically similar to the query object. Many graph-based ANNS…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tianming Wu , Dixin Tang

With the growing integration of structured and unstructured data, new methods have emerged for performing similarity searches on vectors while honoring structured attribute constraints, i.e., a process known as Filtering Approximate Nearest…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mocheng Li , Xiao Yan , Baotong Lu , Yue Zhang , James Cheng , Chenhao Ma

This paper describes ANN-Benchmarks, a tool for evaluating the performance of in-memory approximate nearest neighbor algorithms. It provides a standard interface for measuring the performance and quality achieved by nearest neighbor…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Martin Aumüller , Erik Bernhardsson , Alexander Faithfull

With the surging popularity of approximate near-neighbor search (ANNS), driven by advances in neural representation learning, the ability to serve queries accompanied by a set of constraints has become an area of intense interest. While the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Gaurav Gupta , Jonah Yi , Benjamin Coleman , Chen Luo , Vihan Lakshman , Anshumali Shrivastava

Approximate nearest-neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms are a key part of the modern deep learning stack due to enabling efficient similarity search over high-dimensional vector space representations (i.e., embeddings) of data. Among various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Magdalen Dobson Manohar , Zheqi Shen , Guy E. Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Yan Gu , Harsha Vardhan Simhadri , Yihan Sun

Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search retrieves the closest vectors for a query vector from a dataset. It enforces that a specified set of discrete labels $S$ for the query must be included in the labels of each retrieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ananya Sutradhar , Suryansh Gupta , Ravishankar Krishnaswamy , Haiyang Xu , Aseem Rastogi , Gopal Srinivasa

We consider the fundamental problem of decomposing a large-scale approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) problem into smaller sub-problems. The goal is to partition the input points into neighborhood-preserving shards, so that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Lars Gottesbüren , Laxman Dhulipala , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Lacki

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in many areas of machine learning and data mining. During the past decade, numerous hashing algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Every proposed algorithm claims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Deng Cai

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental operation in vector databases, enabling efficient similarity search in high-dimensional spaces. While dense ANNS has been optimized using specialized hardware accelerators, sparse…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Tianqi Zhang , Flavio Ponzina , Tajana Rosing

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a cornerstone algorithm for information retrieval, recommendation systems, and machine learning applications. While x86-based architectures have historically dominated this domain, the…

Nearest neighbor search (NNS) has a wide range of applications in information retrieval, computer vision, machine learning, databases, and other areas. Existing state-of-the-art algorithm for nearest neighbor search, Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ishita Doshi , Dhritiman Das , Ashish Bhutani , Rajeev Kumar , Rushi Bhatt , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has emerged as a crucial component of database and AI infrastructure. Ever-increasing vector datasets pose significant challenges in terms of performance, cost, and accuracy for ANNS services. None…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Bing Tian , Haikun Liu , Yuhang Tang , Shihai Xiao , Zhuohui Duan , Xiaofei Liao , Xuecang Zhang , Junhua Zhu , Yu Zhang

Both supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms have been used to learn partition-based index structures for approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search. Existing supervised algorithms formulate the learning task as finding a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Ville Hyvönen , Elias Jääsaari , Teemu Roos

Nearest neighbor search on high-dimensional vectors is fundamental in modern AI and database systems. In many real-world applications, queries involve constraints on multiple numeric attributes, giving rise to range-filtering approximate…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Yuanhang Yu , Dawei Cheng , Ying Zhang , Lu Qin , Wenjie Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high dimensional spaces is crucial for many real-life applications (e.g., e-commerce, web, multimedia, etc.) dealing with an abundance of data. This paper proposes an end-to-end learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Abrar Fahim , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Muhammad Aamir Cheema
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