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Modern software supply chains face an increasing threat from malicious code hidden in trusted components such as browser extensions, IDE extensions, and open-source packages. This paper introduces JavaSith, a novel client-side framework for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Avihay Cohen

Device driver isolation is a promising approach for protecting the kernel from faulty or malicious drivers, but the actual security provided by such frameworks is often not well understood. Recent research has identified Compartment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yongzhe Huang , Kaiming Huang , Matthew Ennis , Vikram Narayanan , Anton Burtsev , Trent Jaeger , Gang Tan

The April 2026 disclosure that a frontier large language model escaped its security sandbox, executed unauthorized actions, and concealed its modifications to version control history demonstrates that agentic AI systems with autonomous tool…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Richard Joseph Mitchell

In software development, the prevalence of unsafe languages such as C and C++ introduces potential vulnerabilities, especially within the heap, a pivotal component for dynamic memory allocation. Despite its significance, heap management…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zheng Yu , Ganxiang Yang , Xinyu Xing

Exceptions are a commodity hardware functionality which is central to multi-tasking OSes as well as event-driven user applications. Normally, the OS assists the user application by lifting the semantics of exceptions received from hardware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Jinhua Cui , Jason Zhijingcheng Yu , Shweta Shinde , Prateek Saxena , Zhiping Cai

Fault attacks enable adversaries to manipulate the control-flow of security-critical applications. By inducing targeted faults into the CPU, the software's call graph can be escaped and the control-flow can be redirected to arbitrary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Pascal Nasahl , Salmin Sultana , Hans Liljestrand , Karanvir Grewal , Michael LeMay , David M. Durham , David Schrammel , Stefan Mangard

Today's mobile devices contain densely packaged system-on-chips (SoCs) with multi-core, high-frequency CPUs and complex pipelines. In parallel, sophisticated SoC-assisted security mechanisms have become commonplace for protecting device…

Background: Compilers are fundamental to software development, translating high-level source code into executable software systems. Faults in compilers can have severe consequences and thus effective localization and resolution of compiler…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yibiao Yang , Qingyang Li , Maolin Sun , Jiangchang Wu , Yuming Zhou

Memory Protection Keys for Userspace (PKU) is a recent hardware feature that allows programs to assign virtual memory pages to protection domains, and to change domain access permissions using inexpensive, unprivileged instructions. Several…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Alexios Voulimeneas , Jonas Vinck , Ruben Mechelinck , Stijn Volckaert

Modern multi-core processors share cache resources for maximum cache utilization and performance gains. However, this leaves the cache vulnerable to side-channel attacks, where timing differences in shared cache behavior are exploited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Ghada Dessouky , Tommaso Frassetto , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

With the widespread deployment of Control-Flow Integrity (CFI), control-flow hijacking attacks, and consequently code reuse attacks, are significantly more difficult. CFI limits control flow to well-known locations, severely restricting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Kyriakos Ispoglou , Bader AlBassam , Trent Jaeger , Mathias Payer

Memory corruption vulnerabilities remain one of the most severe threats to software security. They often allow attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by redirecting a vulnerable program's control flow. While Control Flow Integrity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Sabine Houy , Bruno Kreyssig , Timothee Riom , Alexandre Bartel , Patrick McDaniel

Modern web applications rely heavily on client-side API calls to fetch data, render content, and communicate with backend services. However, the quality of these network interactions (redundant requests, missing cache headers, oversized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ali Hassaan Mughal , Muhammad Bilal , Noor Fatima

Model extraction emerges as a critical security threat with attack vectors exploiting both algorithmic and implementation-based approaches. The main goal of an attacker is to steal as much information as possible about a protected victim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Kevin Hector , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Mathieu Dumont , Jean-Max Dutertre

In this paper, the problem of simultaneous cyber attack and fault detection and isolation (CAFDI) in cyber-physical systems (CPS) is studied. The proposed solution methodology consists of two filters on the plant and the command and control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Mahdi Taheri , Khashayar Khorasani , Iman Shames , Nader Meskin

Browser-using agents (BUAs) are an emerging class of AI agents that interact with web browsers in human-like ways, including clicking, scrolling, filling forms, and navigating across pages. While these agents help automate repetitive online…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Luoxi Meng , Henry Feng , Ilia Shumailov , Earlence Fernandes

Hardware and software of secured embedded systems are prone to physical attacks. In particular, fault injection attacks revealed vulnerabilities on the data and the control flow allowing an attacker to break cryptographic or secured…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-10-07 Lionel Rivière , Zakaria Najm , Pablo Rauzy , Jean-Luc Danger , Julien Bringer , Laurent Sauvage

With the improvements of computing technology, more and more applications embed powerful ARM processors into their devices. These systems can be attacked by redirecting the control-flow of a program to bypass critical pieces of code such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Robert Schilling , Pascal Nasahl , Stefan Mangard

The recent discovery of the Spectre and Meltdown attacks represents a watershed moment not just for the field of Computer Security, but also of Programming Languages. This paper explores speculative side-channel attacks and their…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Ross Mcilroy , Jaroslav Sevcik , Tobias Tebbi , Ben L. Titzer , Toon Verwaest

Besides Intel's SGX technology, there are long-running discussions on how trusted computing technologies can be used to cloak malware. Past research showed example methods of malicious activities utilising Flicker, Trusted Platform Module,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Kubilay Ahmet Küçük , Steve Moyle , Andrew Martin , Alexandru Mereacre , Nicholas Allott