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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced rapidly in recent years. However, existing approaches for vision tasks often rely on indirect representations, such as generating coordinates as text for detection, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yongyi Su , Haojie Zhang , Shijie Li , Nanqing Liu , Jingyi Liao , Junyi Pan , Yuan Liu , Xiaofen Xing , Chong Sun , Chen Li , Nancy F. Chen , Shuicheng Yan , Xulei Yang , Xun Xu

Software vulnerability detection (SVD) is a critical challenge in modern systems. Large language models (LLMs) offer natural-language explanations alongside predictions, but most work focuses on binary evaluation, and explanations often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Samal Mukhtar , Yinghua Yao , Zhu Sun , Mustafa Mustafa , Yew Soon Ong , Youcheng Sun

A precise vulnerability discovery model (VDM) will provide a useful insight to assess software security, and could be a good prediction instrument for both software vendors and users to understand security trends and plan ahead patching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Viet Hung Nguyen , Fabio Massacci

Developers create modern software applications (Apps) on top of third-party libraries (Libs). When library vulnerabilities are reachable through application code, the applications can be vulnerable to software supply chain attacks. Prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shravya Kanchi , Xiaoyan Zang , Ying Zhang , Danfeng Yao , Na Meng

Timely and effective vulnerability patching is essential for cybersecurity defense, for which various approaches have been proposed yet still struggle to generate valid and correct patches for real-world vulnerabilities. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Yu Nong , Haoran Yang , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Haipeng Cai

Software vulnerabilities pose significant risks to the security and integrity of software systems. Although prior studies have explored vulnerability detection using deep learning and pre-trained models, these approaches often fail to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Qiheng Mao , Zhenhao Li , Xing Hu , Kui Liu , Xin Xia , Jianling Sun

Bug bisection has been an important security task that aims to understand the range of software versions impacted by a bug, i.e., identifying the commit that introduced the bug. However, traditional patch-based bisection methods are faced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zheng Zhang , Haonan Li , Xingyu Li , Hang Zhang , Zhiyun Qian

The detection of software vulnerabilities (or vulnerabilities for short) is an important problem that has yet to be tackled, as manifested by the many vulnerabilities reported on a daily basis. This calls for machine learning methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Zhen Li , Deqing Zou , Shouhuai Xu , Hai Jin , Yawei Zhu , Zhaoxuan Chen

One of the most significant challenges in the field of software code auditing is the presence of vulnerabilities in software source code. Every year, more and more software flaws are discovered, either internally in proprietary code or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Juan Rodriguez Cardenas , Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed , Alfredo Cuzzocrea

Purpose: In the field of vulnerability repair, previous research has leveraged pretrained models and LLM-based prompt engineering, among which LLM-based approaches show better generalizability and achieve the best performance. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ruoke Wang , Zongjie Li , Cuiyun Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Yang Xiao , Xuan Wang

This paper addresses a critical challenge in cybersecurity: the gap between vulnerability information represented by Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) and the resulting cyberattack actions. CVEs provide insights into…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Ehsan Aghaei , Ehab Al-Shaer

Detecting security vulnerabilities in software before they are exploited has been a challenging problem for decades. Traditional code analysis methods have been proposed, but are often ineffective and inefficient. In this work, we model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Noah Ziems , Shaoen Wu

Software vulnerabilities continue to pose significant threats to modern information systems, requiring a timely and accurate risk assessment. Public repositories, such as the National Vulnerability Database and CVE details, are regularly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Luat Do , Jiao Yin , Jinli Cao , Hua Wang

Code reuse is common in modern software development, but it can also spread vulnerabilities when developers unknowingly copy risky code. The code fragments that preserve the logic of known vulnerabilities are known as vulnerable code clones…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, but their proficiency in producing secure code remains a critical, under-explored area. Existing benchmarks often fall short by relying on synthetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yanlin Wang , Ziyao Zhang , Chong Wang , Xinyi Xu , Mingwei Liu , Yong Wang , Jiachi Chen , Zibin Zheng

The identification of vulnerabilities is a continuous challenge in software projects. This is due to the evolution of methods that attackers employ as well as the constant updates to the software, which reveal additional issues. As a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Irdin Pekaric , Michael Felderer , Philipp Steinmüller

Software vulnerability management has become increasingly critical as modern systems scale in size and complexity. However, existing automated approaches remain insufficient. Traditional static analysis methods struggle to precisely capture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zelong Zheng , Jiayuan Zhou , Xing Hu , Yi Gao , Shengyi Pan

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have enabled processing of larger inputs, leading everyday software developers to increasingly rely on chat-based large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 to detect vulnerabilities…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Francesco Sovrano , Adam Bauer , Alberto Bacchelli

Context: Identifying potential vulnerable code is important to improve the security of our software systems. However, the manual detection of software vulnerabilities requires expert knowledge and is time-consuming, and must be supported by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Laura Wartschinski , Yannic Noller , Thomas Vogel , Timo Kehrer , Lars Grunske

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have emerged as the most effective programming paradigm for computer vision and natural language processing applications. With the rapid development of DNNs, efficient hardware architectures for deploying…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Thai-Hoang Nguyen , Muhammad Imran , Jaehyuk Choi , Joon-Sung Yang