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We revisit the well-studied problem of estimating the Shannon entropy of a probability distribution, now given access to a probability-revealing conditional sampling oracle. In this model, the oracle takes as input the representation of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Priyanka Golia , Brendan Juba , Kuldeep S. Meel

Entropy is a fundamental property of both classical and quantum systems, spanning myriad theoretical and practical applications in physics and computer science. We study the problem of obtaining estimates to within a multiplicative factor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Tom Gur , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Sathyawageeswar Subramanian

Estimation of Shannon and R\'enyi entropies of unknown discrete distributions is a fundamental problem in statistical property testing and an active research topic in both theoretical computer science and information theory. Tight bounds on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Tongyang Li , Xiaodi Wu

Estimating statistical properties is fundamental in statistics and computer science. In this paper, we propose a unified quantum algorithm framework for estimating properties of discrete probability distributions, with estimating R\'enyi…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Xinzhao Wang , Shengyu Zhang , Tongyang Li

Complementarity relations between various characterizations of a probability distribution are at the core of information theory. In particular, lower and upper bounds for the entropic function are of great importance. In applied topics, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Alexey E. Rastegin

This paper considers the estimation of Shannon entropy for discrete distributions with countably infinite support. While minimax rates for finite-support distributions are established, infinite-support distributions present distinct…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Octavio César Mesner

This paper reveals a conceptually new connection from information theory to approximation theory via quantum algorithms for entropy estimation. Specifically, we provide an information-theoretic lower bound $\Omega(\sqrt{n})$ on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Qisheng Wang

Near-term quantum devices with limited qubits motivate the study of space-bounded quantum computation in the data stream model. We show that Shannon entropy estimation exhibits an exponential separation between quantum and classical space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Weijun Feng , Yongzhen Xu , Lvzhou Li , Gongde Guo , Song Lin

We describe a quantum algorithm to estimate the $\alpha$-Renyi entropy of an unknown density matrix $\rho\in\mathcal{C}^{d\times d}$ for $\alpha\neq 1$ by combining the recent technique of quantum singular value transformations with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-01 Sathyawageeswar Subramanian , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

We consider the problem of approximating the empirical Shannon entropy of a high-frequency data stream under the relaxed strict-turnstile model, when space limitations make exact computation infeasible. An equivalent measure of entropy is…

Computation · Statistics 2013-04-18 Peter Clifford , Ioana Ada Cosma

The problem of Shannon entropy estimation in countable infinite alphabets is addressed from the study and use of convergence results of the entropy functional, which is known to be discontinuous with respect to the total variation distance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Jorge F. Silva

We present a technique for entropy optimization to calculate a distribution from its moments. The technique is based upon maximizing a discretized form of the Shannon entropy functional by mapping the problem onto a dual space where an…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 K. Bandyopadhyay , A. K. Bhattacharya , Parthapratim Biswas , D. A. Drabold

In quantum Shannon theory, various kinds of quantum entropies are used to characterize the capacities of noisy physical systems. Among them, min-entropy and its smooth version attract wide interest especially in the field of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Rong Wang , H. F. Chau

We prove a general lower bound of quantum decision tree complexity in terms of some entropy notion. We regard the computation as a communication process in which the oracle and the computer exchange several rounds of messages, each round…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yaoyun Shi

We study a quantity called discrete layered entropy, which approximates the Shannon entropy within a logarithmic gap. Compared to the Shannon entropy, the discrete layered entropy is piecewise linear, approximates the expected length of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Cheuk Ting Li

We conclude a sequence of work by giving near-optimal sketching and streaming algorithms for estimating Shannon entropy in the most general streaming model, with arbitrary insertions and deletions. This improves on prior results that obtain…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Nicholas J. A. Harvey , Jelani Nelson , Krzysztof Onak

We discuss algorithms for estimating the Shannon entropy h of finite symbol sequences with long range correlations. In particular, we consider algorithms which estimate h from the code lengths produced by some compression algorithm. Our…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-24 Thomas Schürmann , Peter Grassberger

Quantum kernel methods are among the leading candidates for achieving quantum advantage in supervised learning. A key bottleneck is the cost of inference: evaluating a trained model on new data requires estimating a weighted sum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Elies Gil-Fuster , Seongwook Shin , Sofiene Jerbi , Jens Eisert , Maximilian J. Kramer

We introduce the problem of \emph{entropy equivalence testing} for probability distributions, a relaxation of the well-studied closeness testing problem, where the distribution testing algorithm is now only required to distinguish, given…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Clément L. Canonne , Yash Pote , Jonathan Scarlett , Joy Qiping Yang

The search task is one of the most difficult when it comes to execution speed, and reducing the latter is important both when working with large data and with small samples, if they need to be processed frequently and in a limited time.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Karina Zakharova
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