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Large Language Models (LLMs) have unveiled remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating both natural language and code, but LLM reasoning is prone to hallucination and struggle with complex, novel scenarios, often getting stuck…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Pieter Barnard

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to evolve programs and multi-agent systems, yet most existing approaches rely on overwrite-based mutations that maintain only a single candidate at a time. Such methods discard useful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kamer Ali Yuksel

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess substantial reasoning capabilities and are increasingly applied to optimization tasks, particularly in synergy with evolutionary computation. However, while recent surveys have explored specific aspects…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yisong Zhang , Ran Cheng , Guoxing Yi , Kay Chen Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful operators for evolutionary search, yet the design of efficient search scaffolds remains ad hoc. While promising, current LLM-in-the-loop systems lack a systematic approach to managing…

Automatic code optimization remains a difficult challenge, particularly for complex loop nests on modern hardware. This paper investigates a novel approach to code optimization where Large Language Models (LLMs) guide the process through a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Massinissa Merouani , Islem Kara Bernou , Riyadh Baghdadi

We introduce Learning to Self-Evolve (LSE), a reinforcement learning framework that trains large language models (LLMs) to improve their own contexts at test time. We situate LSE in the setting of test-time self-evolution, where a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xiaoyin Chen , Canwen Xu , Yite Wang , Boyi Liu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He

Evolve-based agent such as AlphaEvolve is one of the notable successes in using Large Language Models (LLMs) to build AI Scientists. These agents tackle open-ended scientific problems by iteratively improving and evolving programs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yongqiang Chen , Chenxi Liu , Zhenhao Chen , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , Kun Zhang

Code synthesis, which requires a deep understanding of complex natural language problem descriptions, generation of code instructions for complex algorithms and data structures, and the successful execution of comprehensive unit tests,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Md. Ashraful Islam , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez

Automatically synthesizing verifiable code from natural language requirements ensures software correctness and reliability while significantly lowering the barrier to adopting the techniques of formal methods. With the rise of large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Weilin Luo , Xueyi Liang , Haotian Deng , Yanan Liu , Hai Wan

Test-time Scaling (TTS) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) during the inference phase without altering model parameters. However, existing TTS methods are largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Guibin Zhang , Fanci Meng , Guancheng Wan , Zherui Li , Kun Wang , Zhenfei Yin , Lei Bai , Shuicheng Yan

While large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive problem-solving capabilities, they typically operate as static systems, lacking the ability to evolve through lifelong interaction. Existing attempts to bridge this gap…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hongzhuo Yu , Fei Zhu , Guo-Sen Xie , Ling Shao

Recent advances in LLM-guided evolutionary computation, particularly AlphaEvolve (Novikov et al., 2025; Georgiev et al., 2025), have demonstrated remarkable success in discovering novel mathematical constructions and solving challenging…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Valentin Khrulkov , Andrey Galichin , Denis Bashkirov , Dmitry Vinichenko , Oleg Travkin , Roman Alferov , Andrey Kuznetsov , Ivan Oseledets

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become pivotal tools for automating code generation in software development. However, these models face significant challenges in producing version-aware code for rapidly evolving languages like Rust, where…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Linxi Liang , Jing Gong , Mingwei Liu , Chong Wang , Guangsheng Ou , Yanlin Wang , Xin Peng , Zibin Zheng

Code completion, a highly valuable topic in the software development domain, has been increasingly promoted for use by recent advances in large language models (LLMs). To date, visible LLM-based code completion frameworks such as GitHub…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Zongjie Li , Chaozheng Wang , Zhibo Liu , Haoxuan Wang , Dong Chen , Shuai Wang , Cuiyun Gao

Accurate interpretation of Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) is critical for aviation safety, yet their condensed and cryptic language poses significant challenges to both manual and automated processing. Existing automated systems are typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Maoqi Liu , Quan Fang , Yuhao Wu , Can Zhao , Yang Yang , Kaiquan Cai

Large Language Model (LLM)-based optimization has recently shown promise for autonomous problem solving, yet most approaches still cast LLMs as passive constraint checkers rather than proactive strategy designers, limiting their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Beidan Liu , Zhengqiu Zhu , Chen Gao , Tianle Pu , Yong Zhao , Wei Qi , Quanjun Yin

The advancement of natural language processing (NLP) has been significantly boosted by the development of transformer-based large language models (LLMs). These models have revolutionized NLP tasks, particularly in code generation, aiding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Dong Huang , Jie M. Zhang , Michael Luck , Qingwen Bu , Yuhao Qing , Heming Cui

Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) is a prominent metaheuristic and a widely adopted approach for production and logistics optimization. However, it has long relied on hand-crafted components built on expert experience, which makes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shaohua Yu , Tianyu Chen , Linyan Liu , Jakob Puchinger

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are increasingly proficient in understanding and generating a mixture of code and text. Evaluation based on such $\textit{mixture}$ can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the models'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zhenru Lin , Yiqun Yao , Yang Yuan

Despite the remarkable code generation abilities of large language models LLMs, they still face challenges in complex task handling. Robot development, a highly intricate field, inherently demands human involvement in task allocation and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Zhirong Luan , Yujun Lai , Rundong Huang , Xiaruiqi Lan , Liangjun Chen , Badong Chen