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Video-based human pose estimation has long been a fundamental yet challenging problem in computer vision. Previous studies focus on spatio-temporal modeling through the enhancement of architecture design and optimization strategies.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Haipeng Chen , Sifan Wu , Zhigang Wang , Yifang Yin , Yingying Jiao , Yingda Lyu , Zhenguang Liu

The inference of causal structures from observed data plays a key role in unveiling the underlying dynamics of the system. This paper exposes a novel method, named Multiscale-Causal Structure Learning (MS-CASTLE), to estimate the structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Gabriele D'Acunto , Paolo Di Lorenzo , Sergio Barbarossa

KV cache is a widely used acceleration technique for large language models (LLMs) inference. However, its memory requirement grows rapidly with input length. Previous studies have reduced the size of KV cache by either removing the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Xingyang He , Jie Liu , Shaowei Chen

Effective and reliable evaluation is essential for advancing empirical machine learning. However, the increasing accessibility of generalist models and the progress towards ever more complex, high-level tasks make systematic evaluation more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Felix Leeb , Zhijing Jin , Bernhard Schölkopf

Deep learning has revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence. Based on the statistical correlations uncovered by deep learning-based methods, computer vision has contributed to tremendous growth in areas like autonomous driving and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Kexuan Zhang , Qiyu Sun , Chaoqiang Zhao , Yang Tang

Vision outlooker improves the performance of vision transformers, which implements a self-attention mechanism by adding an outlook attention, a form of local attention. In natural language processing, as has been the case in computer vision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Fangyi Zhu , See-Kiong Ng , Stéphane Bressan

Neural conversational models tend to produce generic or safe responses in different contexts, e.g., reply \textit{"Of course"} to narrative statements or \textit{"I don't know"} to questions. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-21 Kun Xiong , Anqi Cui , Zefeng Zhang , Ming Li

In-context learning (ICL) capabilities are foundational to the success of large language models (LLMs). Recently, context compression has attracted growing interest since it can largely reduce reasoning complexities and computation costs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Wenshan Wang , Yihang Wang , Yixing Fan , Huaming Liao , Jiafeng Guo

Attention mechanisms are a central property of cognitive systems allowing them to selectively deploy cognitive resources in a flexible manner. Attention has been long studied in the neurosciences and there are numerous phenomenological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ryan Singh , Christopher L. Buckley

While Transformer self-attention offers strong parallelism, the Key-Value (KV) cache grows linearly with sequence length and becomes a bottleneck for inference efficiency. Multi-head latent attention was recently developed to compress the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Keqi Deng , Philip C. Woodland

In graph classification, attention and pooling-based graph neural networks (GNNs) prevail to extract the critical features from the input graph and support the prediction. They mostly follow the paradigm of learning to attend, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Yongduo Sui , Xiang Wang , Jiancan Wu , Min Lin , Xiangnan He , Tat-Seng Chua

Attention has long been proposed by psychologists as important for effectively dealing with the enormous sensory stimulus available in the neocortex. Inspired by the visual attention models in computational neuroscience and the need of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Yichuan Tang , Nitish Srivastava , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Long-context LLMs increasingly rely on extended, reusable prefill prompts for agents and domain Q&A, pushing attention and KV-cache to become the dominant decode-time bottlenecks. While sparse attention reduces computation and transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chuxu Song , Zhencan Peng , Jiuqi Wei , Chuanhui Yang

With the rise of Large Language Models(LLMs), it has become crucial to understand their capabilities and limitations in deciphering and explaining the complex web of causal relationships that language entails. Current methods use either…

Causal reasoning is fundamental to human intelligence and crucial for effective decision-making in real-world environments. Despite recent advancements in large vision-language models (LVLMs), their ability to comprehend causality remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Meiqi Chen , Bo Peng , Yan Zhang , Chaochao Lu

Ranking models have become an important part of modern personalized recommendation systems. However, significant challenges persist in handling high-cardinality, heterogeneous, and sparse feature spaces, particularly regarding model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yi Xu , Chaofan Fan , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Zeng Xiaoyi , Jing Zhang

This paper proposes an attentional network for the task of Continuous Sign Language Recognition. The proposed approach exploits co-independent streams of data to model the sign language modalities. These different channels of information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Fares Ben Slimane , Mohamed Bouguessa

Multi-headed Attention's (MHA) quadratic compute and linearly growing KV-cache make long-context transformers expensive to train and serve. Prior works such as Grouped Query Attention (GQA) and Multi-Latent Attention (MLA) shrink the cache,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Tomas Figliolia , Nicholas Alonso , Rishi Iyer , Quentin Anthony , Beren Millidge

Large language models (LLMs) rely on key-value (KV) caches for efficient autoregressive decoding; however, cache size grows linearly with context length and model depth, becoming a major bottleneck in long-context inference. Prior KV cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Dmitry Akulov , Mohamed Sana , Antonio De Domenico , Tareq Si Salem , Nicola Piovesan , Fadhel Ayed

Semantic caching significantly reduces computational costs and improves efficiency by storing and reusing large language model (LLM) responses. However, existing systems rely primarily on matching individual queries, lacking awareness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jianxin Yan , Wangze Ni , Lei Chen , Xuemin Lin , Peng Cheng , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren
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