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Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for communication with security guaranteed by quantum theory. The main theoretical problem in QKD is to calculate the secret key rate for a given protocol. Analytical formulas are known for protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Patrick J. Coles , Eric M. Metodiev , Norbert Lütkenhaus

In an attempt to show that the acceptance probability of a quantum query algorithm making $q$ queries can be well-approximated almost everywhere by a classical decision tree of depth $\leq \text{poly}(q)$, Aaronson and Ambainis proposed the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Sreejata Kishor Bhattacharya

It is NP-complete to find non-negative factors $W$ and $H$ with fixed rank $r$ from a non-negative matrix $X$ by minimizing $\|X-WH^\top\|_F^2$. Although the separability assumption (all data points are in the conical hull of the extreme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-23 Yuxuan Du , Tongliang Liu , Yinan Li , Runyao Duan , Dacheng Tao

We develop a new algorithm for factoring a bivariate polynomial $F\in \mathbb{K}[x,y]$ which takes fully advantage of the geometry of the Newton polygon of $F$. Under a non degeneracy hypothesis, the complexity is…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Martin Weimann

The analysis of the computational power of single-query quantum algorithms is important because they must extract maximal information from one oracle call, revealing fundamental limits of quantum advantage and enabling optimal,…

Discrete stochastic processes (DSP) are instrumental for modelling the dynamics of probabilistic systems and have a wide spectrum of applications in science and engineering. DSPs are usually analyzed via Monte Carlo methods since the number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-17 Carsten Blank , Daniel K. Park , Francesco Petruccione

We present a quantum version of the classical probabilistic algorithms $\grave{a}$ la Rabin. The quantum algorithm is based on the essential use of Grover's operator for the quantum search of a database and of Shor's Fourier transform for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Carlini , A. Hosoya

We study a general quantum key distribution protocol in higher dimension. In this protocol, quantum states in arbitrary $g+1$ ($1\le g\le d$) out of all $d+1$ mutually unbiased bases in a d-dimensional system can be used for the key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-02 Zhao-Xi Xiong , Han-Duo Shi , Yi-Nan Wang , Li Jing , Jin Lei , Liang-Zhu Mu , Heng Fan

The degree of a polynomial representing (or approximating) a function f is a lower bound for the number of quantum queries needed to compute f. This observation has been a source of many lower bounds on quantum algorithms. It has been an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-12 Andris Ambainis

Numerous scientific and engineering applications require numerically solving systems of equations. Classically solving a general set of polynomial equations requires iterative solvers, while linear equations may be solved either by direct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-17 Chia Cheng Chang , Arjun Gambhir , Travis S. Humble , Shigetoshi Sota

Differential cryptanalysis is one of the most popular methods in attacking block ciphers. However, there still some limitations in traditional differential cryptanalysis. On the other hand, researches of quantum algorithms have made great…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Hong-Wei Li , Li Yang

The possibilities offered by quantum computing have drawn attention in the distributed computing community recently, with several breakthrough results showing quantum distributed algorithms that run faster than the fastest known classical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Keren Censor-Hillel , Orr Fischer , François Le Gall , Dean Leitersdorf , Rotem Oshman

In 2015, Guth proved that if $S$ is a collection of $n$ $g$-dimensional semi-algebraic sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and if $D\geq 1$ is an integer, then there is a $d$-variate polynomial $P$ of degree at most $D$ so that each connected component…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Pankaj K. Agarwal , Boris Aronov , Esther Ezra , Joshua Zahl

In an ordinary quantum algorithm the gates are applied in a fixed order on the systems. The introduction of indefinite causal structures allows to relax this constraint and control the order of the gates with an additional quantum state. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Martin J. Renner , Časlav Brukner

We consider the problem of uniform sampling of points on an algebraic variety. Specifically, we develop a randomized algorithm that, given a small set of multivariate polynomials over a sufficiently large finite field, produces a common…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-02-10 Mahdi Cheraghchi , Amin Shokrollahi

Quantum technology has the potential to revolutionize how we acquire and process experimental data to learn about the physical world. An experimental setup that transduces data from a physical system to a stable quantum memory, and…

The recent Google's claim on breakthrough in quantum computing is a gong signal for further analysis of foundational roots of (possible) superiority of some quantum algorithms over the corresponding classical algorithms. This note is a step…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-26 Andrei Khrennikov

Demonstrating quantum advantage in machine learning tasks requires navigating a complex landscape of proposed models and algorithms. To bring clarity to this search, we introduce a framework that connects the structure of parametrized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Sergi Masot-Llima , Elies Gil-Fuster , Carlos Bravo-Prieto , Jens Eisert , Tommaso Guaita

We propose new quantum algorithms to solve the regulator and the principal ideal problem in a real-quadratic number field. We improve the algorithms proposed by Hallgren by using two different techniques. The first improvement is the usage…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-25 Arthur Schmidt

Differential equations (DEs) serve as the cornerstone for a wide range of scientific endeavors, their solutions weaving through the core of diverse fields such as structural engineering, fluid dynamics, and financial modeling. DEs are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Josephine Hunout , Sylvain Laizet , Lorenzo Iannucci
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