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The interior composition of exoplanets is not observable, limiting our direct knowledge of their structure, composition, and dynamics. Recently described observational trends suggest that rocky exoplanets, that is, planets without…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-21 Cayman T. Unterborn , Wendy R. Panero

It is already stated in the previous studies that the radius of the giant planets is affected by stellar irradiation. The confirmed relation between radius and incident flux depends on planetary mass intervals. In this study, we show that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 M. Yıldız , Z. Çelik Orhan , C. Kayhan , G. E. Turkoglu

Observed Hot Jupiters exhibit a wide range of physical properties. For a given mass, many planets have inflated radii, while others are surprisingly compact and may harbor large central cores. Motivated by the observational sample, this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Kassandra R. Anderson , Fred C. Adams

We consider the minimum mass planet, as a function of radius, that is capable of opening a gap in an $\alpha$-accretion disk. We estimate that a half Jupiter mass planet can open a gap in a disk with accretion rate $\dot M \la 10^{-8}…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Richard G. Edgar , Alice C. Quillen , Jaehong Park

We describe calculations for the formation of icy planets and debris disks at 30-150 AU around 1-3 solar mass stars. Debris disk formation coincides with the formation of planetary systems. As protoplanets grow, they stir leftover…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley

We present a systematic evaluation of the agreement between the observed radii of 90 well-characterized transiting extrasolar giant planets and their corresponding model radii. Our model radii are drawn from previously published…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Gregory Laughlin , Matteo Crismani , Fred C. Adams

The cause of hot Jupiter radius inflation, where giant planets with $T_{\rm eq}$ $>1000$ K are significantly larger than expected, is an open question and the subject of many proposed explanations. Rather than examine these models…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 Daniel P. Thorngren , Jonathan J. Fortney

We describe comprehensive calculations of the formation of icy planets and debris disks at 30-150 AU around 1-3 solar mass stars. Disks composed of large, strong planetesimals produce more massive planets than disks composed of small, weak…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley

Sub-Neptune planets are very common in our galaxy and show a large diversity in their mass-radius relation. In sub-Neptunes most of the planet mass is in the rocky part (hereafter core) which is surrounded by a modest hydrogen-helium…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-14 A. Vazan , C. W. Ormel , C. Dominik

The radius valley, i.e., a dearth of planets with radii between 1.5 and 2 Earth radii, provides insights into planetary formation and evolution. Using homogenously revised planetary parameters from Kepler 1-minute short cadence light…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-12 Cynthia S. K. Ho , James G. Rogers , Vincent Van Eylen , James E. Owen , Hilke E. Schlichting

We present a study of the relative sizes of planets within the multiple candidate systems discovered with the $Kepler$ mission. We have compared the size of each planet to the size of every other planet within a given planetary system after…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 David R. Ciardi , Daniel C. Fabrycky , Eric B. Ford , T. N. Gautier , Steve B. Howell , Jack J. Lissauer , Darin Ragozzine , Jason F. Rowe

The formation of a circumplanetary disk and accretion of angular momentum onto a protoplanetary system are investigated using 3D hydrodynamical simulations. The local region around a protoplanet in a protoplanetary disk is considered with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-16 Masahiro N. Machida

We have performed three-dimensional two-fluid (gas-dust) hydrodynamical models of circumstellar discs with embedded protoplanets (3 - 333 M\oplu) and small solid bodies (radii 10cm to 10m). We find that high mass planets (\gtrsim Saturn…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Ben A. Ayliffe , Guillaume Laibe , Daniel J. Price , Matthew R. Bate

We suggest the existence of a correlation between the planetary radius and orbital period for planets with radii smaller than 4 R_Earth. Using the Kepler data, we find a correlation coefficient of 0.5120, and suggest that the correlation is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-11 Ravit Helled , Michael Lozovsky , Shay Zucker

Many exoplanets have been discovered with radii of 1-4 Earth radii, between that of Earth and Neptune. A number of these are known to have densities consistent with solid compositions, while others are "sub-Neptunes" likely to have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Alex R. Howe , Adam S. Burrows , Wesley Verne

We report initial results from our long term search using precision radial velocities for planetary-mass companions located within a few AU of stars younger than the Sun. Based on a sample of >150 stars, we define a floor in the radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-18 Lynne Hillenbrand , Howard Isaacson , Geoffrey Marcy , Scott Barenfeld , Debra Fischer , Andrew Howard

The study of the interior of the planets requires the knowledge of how certain parameters, as radius and mean density, vary according to the planet mass. The aim of this work is to use known data of the Solar System Planets and Transiting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-18 Hector Javier Durand-Manterola

Short-period planets provide ideal laboratories for testing star-planet interaction. Planets that are smaller than $\sim$2$R_\oplus$ are considered to be largely rocky either having been stripped of or never having acquired the gaseous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-30 Eve J. Lee , James E. Owen

As of today, hundreds of hot Jupiters have been found, yet the inflated radii of a large fraction of them remain unexplained. It is still unclear whether a single inflation mechanism is enough to explain the entire distribution of radii, or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 Marko Sestovic , Brice-Olivier Demory , Didier Queloz

Giant planets are thought to have cores in their deep interiors, and the division into a heavy-element core and hydrogen-helium envelope is applied in both formation and structure models. We show that the primordial internal structure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-03 Ravit Helled , David Stevenson