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Prompt learning as a parameter-efficient method that has been widely adopted to adapt Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to downstream tasks. While hard-prompt design requires domain expertise and iterative optimization, soft-prompt methods rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Zherui Zhang , Jiaxin Wu , Changwei Wang , Rongtao Xu , Longzhao Huang , Wenhao Xu , Wenbo Xu , Li Guo , Shibiao Xu

Federated Fine-Tuning (FFT) has attracted growing interest as it leverages both server- and client-side data to enhance global model generalization while preserving privacy, and significantly reduces the computational burden on edge devices…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yanmeng Wang , Zhiwen Dai , Shuai Wang , Jian Zhou , Fu Xiao , Tony Q. S. Quek , Tsung-Hui Chang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling the collaborative training of models without centralized access to the raw data on local devices. In the typical FL paradigm (e.g., FedAvg), model weights are sent to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Guangyu Sun , Umar Khalid , Matias Mendieta , Pu Wang , Chen Chen

Prompt tuning methods have achieved remarkable success in parameter-efficient fine-tuning on large pre-trained models. However, their application to dual-modal fusion-based visual-language pre-trained models (VLPMs), such as GLIP, has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yang Zhou , Yongjian Wu , Jiya Saiyin , Bingzheng Wei , Maode Lai , Eric Chang , Yan Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed training technology that enhances data privacy in mobile edge networks by allowing data owners to collaborate without transmitting raw data to the edge server. However, data heterogeneity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Yu Qiao , Apurba Adhikary , Kitae Kim , Eui-Nam Huh , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

Vision-language models (VLMs) can learn high-quality representations from a large-scale training dataset of image-text pairs. Prompt learning is a popular approach to fine-tuning VLM to adapt them to downstream tasks. Despite the satisfying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhifang Zhang , Yuwei Niu , Xin Liu , Beibei Li

Insider threats usually occur from within the workplace, where the attacker is an entity closely associated with the organization. The sequence of actions the entities take on the resources to which they have access rights allows us to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-23 R G Gayathri , Atul Sajjanhar , Md Palash Uddin , Yong Xiang

Federated domain generalization (FedDG) aims to improve the global model generalization in unseen domains by addressing data heterogeneity under privacy-preserving constraints. A common strategy in existing FedDG studies involves sharing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Shuai Gong , Chaoran Cui , Chunyun Zhang , Wenna Wang , Xiushan Nie , Lei Zhu

Federated Domain Generalization (FDG) aims to collaboratively train a global model across distributed clients that can generalize well on unseen domains. However, existing FDG methods typically struggle with cross-client data heterogeneity…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuliang Chen , Xi Lin , Jun Wu , Xiangrui Cai , Qiaolun Zhang , Xichun Fan , Jiapeng Xu , Xiu Su

Defending pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, against adversarial attacks is crucial, as these models are widely used in diverse zero-shot tasks, including image classification. However, existing adversarial training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Futa Waseda , Saku Sugawara , Isao Echizen

Backdoor attacks pose a critical threat by embedding hidden triggers into inputs, causing models to misclassify them into target labels. While extensive research has focused on mitigating these attacks in object recognition models through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Kyle Stein , Andrew Arash Mahyari , Guillermo Francia , Eman El-Sheikh

Transformer-based pre-trained models have emerged as the predominant solution for natural language processing (NLP). Fine-tuning such pre-trained models for downstream tasks often requires a considerable amount of labeled private data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dongqi Cai , Yaozong Wu , Haitao Yuan , Shangguang Wang , Felix Xiaozhu Lin , Mengwei Xu

Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial attacks and common corruptions, which undermine their robustness. In order to enhance model resilience against such challenges, Adversarial Training (AT) has emerged as a prominent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Tejaswini Medi , Steffen Jung , Margret Keuper

Existing works show that augmenting the training data of pre-trained language models (PLMs) for classification tasks fine-tuned via parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods (PEFT) using both clean and adversarial examples can enhance their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tuc Nguyen , Thai Le

Federated Learning (FL) with pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for various downstream tasks. By leveraging its strong representations, recent studies improve task adaptation under insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Xiaohua Xu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing private data. However, FL suffers from biased global models due to non-IID and long-tail data distributions. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jingrui Zhang , Yimeng Xu , Shujie Li , Feng Liang , Haihan Duan , Yanjie Dong , Victor C. M. Leung , Xiping Hu

Unsupervised Federated Learning (UFL) aims to collaboratively train a global model across distributed clients without sharing data or accessing label information. Previous UFL works have predominantly focused on representation learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kuangpu Guo , Lijun Sheng , Yongcan Yu , Jian Liang , Zilei Wang , Ran He

Although deep learning has revolutionized domains such as natural language processing and computer vision, its dependence on centralized datasets raises serious privacy concerns. Federated learning addresses this issue by enabling multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Andreas Lutz , Gabriele Steidl , Karsten Müller , Wojciech Samek

The prompt-based learning paradigm, which bridges the gap between pre-training and fine-tuning, achieves state-of-the-art performance on several NLP tasks, particularly in few-shot settings. Despite being widely applied, prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Shuai Zhao , Jinming Wen , Luu Anh Tuan , Junbo Zhao , Jie Fu

Pre-trained vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) have shown promising zero-shot generalization in many downstream tasks with properly designed text prompts. Instead of relying on hand-engineered prompts, recent works learn prompts using the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Manli Shu , Weili Nie , De-An Huang , Zhiding Yu , Tom Goldstein , Anima Anandkumar , Chaowei Xiao
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