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Related papers: How competition propels scientific risk-taking

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We examine the tension between academic impact - the volume of citations received by publications - and scientific disruption. Intuitively, one would expect disruptive scientific work to be rewarded by high volumes of citations and,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Mingtang Li , Giacomo Livan , Simone Righi

Poor research design and data analysis encourage false-positive findings. Such poor methods persist despite perennial calls for improvement, suggesting that they result from something more than just misunderstanding. The persistence of poor…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-04 Paul E. Smaldino , Richard McElreath

In this study, we present models where participants strategically select their risk levels and earn corresponding rewards, mirroring real-world competition across various sectors. Our analysis starts with a normal form game involving two…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-31 Louis Abraham

Resources are often limited, therefore it is essential how convincingly competitors present their claims for them. Beside a player's natural capacity, here overconfidence and bluffing may also play a decisive role and influence how to share…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-06 Kun Li , Attila Szolnoki , Rui Cong , Long Wang

Does a high dispersal rate provide a competitive advantage when risking competitive exclusion? To this day, the theoretical literature cannot answer this question in full generality. The present paper focuses on the simplest mathematical…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-02-24 Léo Girardin

Faculty at prestigious institutions dominate scientific discourse, with the small proportion of researchers at elite universities producing a disproportionate share of all research publications. Environmental prestige is known to drive such…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Sam Zhang , K. Hunter Wapman , Daniel B. Larremore , Aaron Clauset

Participants in socio-economic systems are often ranked based on their performance. Rankings conveniently reduce the complexity of such systems to ordered lists. Yet, it has been shown in many contexts that those who reach the top are not…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-30 Federica De Domenico , Fabio Caccioli , Giacomo Livan , Guido Montagna , Oreste Nicrosini

We consider a simple information-theoretic model of communication, in which two species of bacteria have the option of exchanging information about their environment, thereby improving their chances of survival. For this purpose, we model a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Andres C. Burgos , Daniel Polani

This study is about public-private research collaboration. In particular, we want to measure how the propensity of academics to collaborate with their colleagues from private firms varies over time and whether the typical profile of such…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-11 Giovanni Abramo , Francesca Apponi , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo

Recent research has found that select scientists have a disproportional share of highly cited papers. Researchers reasoned that this could not have happened if success in science was random and introduced a hidden parameter Q, or talent, to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-28 M. V. Simkin

The evolution of economic and innovation systems at the national scale is shaped by a complex dynamics, the footprint of which is the nested structure of the activities in which different countries are competitive. Nestedness is a…

General Economics · Economics 2023-08-15 Aurelio Patelli , Lorenzo Napolitano , Giulio Cimini , Emanuele Pugliese , Andrea Gabrielli

Emergent patterns of collective attention towards scientists and their research may function as a proxy for scientific impact which traditionally is assessed via committees that award prizes to scientists. Therefore it is crucial to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Claudia Wagner , Olga Zagovora , Tatiana Sennikova , Fariba Karimi

Interdisciplinary research is fundamental when it comes to tackling complex problems in our highly interlinked world, and is on the rise globally. Yet, it is unclear why--in an increasingly competitive academic environment--one should…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Ye Sun , Giacomo Livan , Athen Ma , Vito Latora

The intention of this work is to analyze top scientists' collaboration behavior at the "international", "domestic extramural" and "intramural" levels, and compare it to that of their lesser performing colleagues. The field of observation…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Giovanni Abramo , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo , Flavia Di Costa

The creativity of scientists often manifests as localized hot streaks of significant success. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these influential phases can enhance the effectiveness of support systems and funding allocation,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Noriyuki Higashide , Takahiro Miura , Yuta Tomokiyo , Kimitaka Asatani , Ichiro Sakata

We study the effects of randomness on competitions based on an elementary random process in which there is a finite probability that a weaker team upsets a stronger team. We apply this model to sports leagues and sports tournaments, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-04-02 E. Ben-Naim , N. W. Hengartner , S. Redner , F. Vazquez

Scientific collaboration in almost every discipline is mainly driven by the need of sharing knowledge, expertise, and pooled resources. Science is becoming more complex which has encouraged scientists to involve more in collaborative…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Anahita Hajibabaei , Andrea Schiffauerova , Ashkan Ebadi

Quantifying success in science plays a key role in guiding funding allocations, recruitment decisions, and rewards. Recently, a significant amount of progresses have been made towards quantifying success in science. This lack of detailed…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Xiaomei Bai , Hanxiao Pan , Jie Hou , Teng Guo , Ivan Lee , Feng Xia

Prior work finds a diversity paradox: diversity breeds innovation, and yet, underrepresented groups that diversify organizations have less successful careers within them. Does the diversity paradox hold for scientists as well? We study this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Bas Hofstra , Vivek V. Kulkarni , Sebastian Munoz-Najar Galvez , Bryan He , Dan Jurafsky , Daniel A. McFarland

The growth rate of organisms depends both on external conditions and on internal states, such as the expression levels of various genes. We show that to achieve a criterion mean growth rate over an ensemble of conditions, the internal…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-12-31 Samuel F. Taylor , Naftali Tishby , William Bialek