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Recent advanced LLM-powered agent systems have exhibited their remarkable capabilities in tackling complex, long-horizon tasks. Nevertheless, they still suffer from inherent limitations in resource efficiency, context management, and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive action sequence prediction capabilities but often struggle with dynamic, long-horizon tasks such as real-time strategic games. In a game such as StarCraftII (SC2), agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Daechul Ahn , San Kim , Jonghyun Choi

Deep hierarchical reinforcement learning has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its ability to produce state-of-the-art results in challenging environments where non-hierarchical frameworks fail to learn useful policies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Marc Brittain , Peng Wei

The design of environments plays a critical role in shaping the development and evaluation of cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms. While existing benchmarks highlight critical challenges, they often lack the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hayeong Lee , JunHyeok Oh , Byung-Jun Lee

The field of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is currently facing a reproducibility crisis. While solutions for standardized reporting have been proposed to address the issue, we still lack a benchmarking tool that enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Matteo Bettini , Amanda Prorok , Vincent Moens

With the rapid development of LLM-based agents, increasing attention has been given to their social interaction and strategic reasoning capabilities. However, existing Werewolf-based benchmarking platforms suffer from overly simplified game…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xinyuan Xia , Yuanyi Song , Haomin Ma , Jinyu Cai

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years has realized many applications in various domains. Being trained with a huge of amount of data coming from various sources, LLMs can be deployed to solve different tasks,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Duc S. H. Nguyen , Bach G. Truong , Phuong T. Nguyen , Juri Di Rocco , Davide Di Ruscio

Large-scale heterogeneous multiagent systems feature various realistic factors in the real world, such as agents with diverse abilities and overall system cost. In comparison to homogeneous systems, heterogeneous systems offer significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Qingxu Fu , Zhiqiang Pu , Min Chen , Tenghai Qiu , Jianqiang Yi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly serving as autonomous agents, and their utilization of external tools via the Model Context Protocol (MCP) is considered a future trend. Current MCP evaluation sets suffer from issues such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Wenrui Liu , Zixiang Liu , Elsie Dai , Wenhan Yu , Lei Yu , Tong Yang , Jinjun Han , Hong Gao

Multi-agent systems have evolved into practical LLM-driven collaborators for many applications, gaining robustness from diversity and cross-checking. However, multi-agent RL (MARL) training is resource-intensive and unstable: co-adapting…

Negotiation is a central mechanism of economic exchange, shaping markets, procurement, labor agreements, and resource allocation. It is also a canonical testbed for agentic language models, requiring multi-turn interaction under hidden…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Erica Zhang , Fangzhao Zhang , Aneesh Pappu , Batu El , Jose Blanchet , Susan Athey , Jiashuo Liu , James Zou

When are multi-agent LLM systems merely a collection of individual agents versus an integrated collective with higher-order structure? We introduce an information-theoretic framework to test -- in a purely data-driven way -- whether…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Christoph Riedl

Multi-agent applications often execute complex tasks as multi-stage workflows, where each stage is an LLM call whose output becomes part of context for subsequent steps. Existing LLM serving systems largely assume homogeneous clusters with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kangqi Ni , Wenyue Hua , Xiaoxiang Shi , Jiang Guo , Shiyu Chang , Tianlong Chen

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into intelligent tutoring systems offers transformative potential for personalized learning in higher education. However, most existing learning path planning approaches lack transparency,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haoxin Xu , Changyong Qi , Tong Liu , Bohao Zhang , Anna He , Bingqian Jiang , Longwei Zheng , Xiaoqing Gu

Much previous AI research has focused on developing monolithic models to maximize their intelligence, with the primary goal of enhancing performance on specific tasks. In contrast, this work attempts to study using LLM-based agents to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiangyuan Xue , Zeyu Lu , Di Huang , Zidong Wang , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown increasing promise for collaborative task completion. However, existing multi-agent frameworks often rely on static workflows, fixed roles, and limited inter-agent communication, reducing their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chengxuan Xia , Qianye Wu , Sixuan Tian , Yilun Hao

Recently, large language model (LLM)-based agents have achieved significant success in interactive environments, attracting significant academic and industrial attention. Despite these advancements, current research predominantly focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Peng Wang , Ruihan Tao , Qiguang Chen , Mengkang Hu , Libo Qin

This paper presents a benchmark self-evolving framework to dynamically evaluate rapidly advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming for a more accurate assessment of their capabilities and limitations. We utilize a multi-agent system to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei , Xuanjing Huang

Team competition in multi-agent Markov games is an increasingly important setting for multi-agent reinforcement learning, due to its general applicability in modeling many real-life situations. Multi-agent actor-critic methods are the most…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Paramita Koley , Aurghya Maiti , Niloy Ganguly , Sourangshu Bhattacharya

We present MineNPC-Task, a user-authored benchmark and evaluation harness for testing memory-aware, mixed-initiative LLM agents in open-world Minecraft. Rather than relying on synthetic prompts, tasks are elicited through formative and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tamil Sudaravan Mohan Doss , Michael Xu , Sudha Rao , Andrew D. Wilson , Balasaravanan Thoravi Kumaravel