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We introduce OBI-Bench, a holistic benchmark crafted to systematically evaluate large multi-modal models (LMMs) on whole-process oracle bone inscriptions (OBI) processing tasks demanding expert-level domain knowledge and deliberate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Zijian Chen , Tingzhu Chen , Wenjun Zhang , Guangtao Zhai

As the oldest mature writing system, Oracle Bone Script (OBS) has long posed significant challenges for archaeological decipherment due to its rarity, abstractness, and pictographic diversity. Current deep learning-based methods have made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Kaixin Peng , Mengyang Zhao , Haiyang Yu , Teng Fu , Bin Li

Oracle bone inscriptions(OBI) is the earliest developed writing system in China, bearing invaluable written exemplifications of early Shang history and paleography. However, the task of deciphering OBI, in the current climate of the…

Oracle bone script, one of the earliest known forms of ancient Chinese writing, presents invaluable research materials for scholars studying the humanities and geography of the Shang Dynasty, dating back 3,000 years. The immense historical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Pengjie Wang , Kaile Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Shengwei Han , Yongge Liu , Jinpeng Wan , Haisu Guan , Zhebin Kuang , Lianwen Jin , Xiang Bai , Yuliang Liu

Deciphering ancient Chinese Oracle Bone Script (OBS) is a challenging task that offers insights into the beliefs, systems, and culture of the ancient era. Existing approaches treat decipherment as a closed-set image recognition problem,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Jianing Zhang , Runan Li , Honglin Pang , Ding Xia , Zhou Zhu , Qian Zhang , Chuntao Li , Xi Yang

Oracle Bone Inscription (OBI) is the earliest mature writing system in China, which represents a crucial stage in the development of hieroglyphs. Nevertheless, the substantial quantity of undeciphered OBI characters remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhicong Wu , Qifeng Su , Ke Gu , Xiaodong Shi

Oracle bone inscriptions (OBIs) are the earliest known form of Chinese characters and serve as a valuable resource for research in anthropology and archaeology. However, most excavated fragments are severely degraded due to thousands of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Jinhao Li , Zijian Chen , Tingzhu Chen , Zhiji Liu , Changbo Wang

The earliest extant Chinese characters originate from oracle bone inscriptions, which are closely related to other East Asian languages. These inscriptions hold immense value for anthropology and archaeology. However, deciphering oracle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Haisu Guan , Jinpeng Wan , Yuliang Liu , Pengjie Wang , Kaile Zhang , Zhebin Kuang , Xinyu Wang , Xiang Bai , Lianwen Jin

Oracle Bone Inscriptions is one of the oldest existing forms of writing in the world. However, due to the great antiquity of the era, a large number of Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBI) remain undeciphered, making it one of the global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Pengjie Wang , Kaile Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Shengwei Han , Yongge Liu , Lianwen Jin , Xiang Bai , Yuliang Liu

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in modern text-rich visual understanding. However, their perceptual robustness in the face of the continuous morphological evolution of historical writing systems remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Gengluo Li , Shangpin Peng , Xingyu Wan , Chengquan Zhang , Hao Feng , Xin Xu , Pian Wu , Bang Li , Zengmao Ding , Yongge Liu , Yipei Ye , Yang Yang , Zhan Shu , Guojun Yan , Zhe Li , Can Ma , Weiping Wang , Yu Zhou , Han Hu

Oracle bone script (OBS), as China's earliest mature writing system, present significant challenges in automatic recognition due to their complex pictographic structures and divergence from modern Chinese characters. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Hanqi Jiang , Yi Pan , Junhao Chen , Zhengliang Liu , Yifan Zhou , Peng Shu , Yiwei Li , Huaqin Zhao , Stephen Mihm , Lewis C Howe , Tianming Liu

Oracle bone inscriptions (OBIs) contain some of the oldest characters in the world and were used in China about 3000 years ago. As an ancient form of literature, OBIs store a lot of information that can help us understand the world history,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Yoshiyuki Fujikawa , Hengyi Li , Xuebin Yue , Aravinda C , Amar Prabhu G , Lin Meng

Understanding humanity's earliest writing systems is crucial for reconstructing civilization's origins, yet many ancient scripts remain undeciphered. Oracle Bone Script (OBS) from China's Shang dynasty exemplifies this challenge: only…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yin Wu , Gangjian Zhang , Jiayu Chen , Chang Xu , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang , Hui Xiong

As one of the earliest ancient languages, Oracle Bone Script (OBS) encapsulates the cultural records and intellectual expressions of ancient civilizations. Despite the discovery of approximately 4,500 OBS characters, only about 1,600 have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Caoshuo Li , Zengmao Ding , Xiaobin Hu , Bang Li , Donghao Luo , AndyPian Wu , Chaoyang Wang , Chengjie Wang , Taisong Jin , SevenShu , Yunsheng Wu , Yongge Liu , Rongrong Ji

Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBIs), play a crucial role in understanding ancient Chinese civilization. The automated detection of OBIs from rubbing images represents a fundamental yet challenging task in digital archaeology, primarily due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Ye Tao , Xinran Fu , Honglin Pang , Xi Yang , Chuntao Li

Recent advances in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have revolutionized their reasoning and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities. However, their complex logical reasoning performance on text-rich images remains underexplored. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Maoyuan Ye , Haibin He , Qihuang Zhong , Jing Zhang , Juhua Liu , Bo Du

Oracle character recognition-an analysis of ancient Chinese inscriptions found on oracle bones-has become a pivotal field intersecting archaeology, paleography, and historical cultural studies. Traditional methods of oracle character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jing Li , Xueke Chi , Qiufeng Wang , Dahan Wang , Kaizhu Huang , Yongge Liu , Cheng-lin Liu

Scoring the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has witnessed growing interest. Existing benchmarks have highlighted the impressive performance of LMMs in text recognition; however, their…

Developing high-performing, yet interpretable models remains a critical challenge in modern AI. Concept-based models (CBMs) attempt to address this by extracting human-understandable concepts from a global encoding (e.g., image encoding)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 David Steinmann , Wolfgang Stammer , Antonia Wüst , Kristian Kersting

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have become increasingly versatile, accompanied by impressive Optical Character Recognition (OCR) related capabilities. Existing OCR-related benchmarks emphasize evaluating LMMs' abilities of relatively simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haibin He , Maoyuan Ye , Jing Zhang , Xiantao Cai , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao
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