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Graphene's electronic structure can be fundamentally altered when a substrate- or adatom-induced Kekul\'e superlattice couples the valley and isospin degrees of freedom. Here, we show that the band structure of Kekul\'e-textured graphene…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 David A. Ruiz-Tijerina , Elias Andrade , Ramon Carrillo-Bastos , Francisco Mireles , Gerardo G. Naumis

Breaking the intrinsic chirality of quasiparticles in graphene enables the emergence of new and intriguing phases. One such paradigmatic example is the bond density wave, which leads to a Kekul\'{e}-ordered structure and underpins exotic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Dominik Szczȩśniak

Doping graphene near the 1/4 filling to shift the extended flat band and van Hove singularity below E$_F$ has been highly desirable. Here we report the experimental observation of an extended flat band below E$_F$ in Li-intercalated…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-29 Changhua Bao , Hongyun Zhang , Xi Wu , Shaohua Zhou , Qian Li , Pu Yu , Jia Li , Wenhui Duan , Shuyun Zhou

Recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments [K.P. Nuckolls et al., arXiv:2303.00024] have revealed the ubiquity of Kekul\'e charge-density wave order in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene. Most samples are moderately strained and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-06 Yves H. Kwan , Glenn Wagner , Nick Bultinck , Steven H. Simon , Erez Berg , S. A. Parameswaran

In graphene, a Kekul\'e-Y bond texture modifies the electronic band structure generating two concentric Dirac cones with different Fermi velocities lying in the {\Gamma}-point in reciprocal space. The energy dispersion results in different…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Elias Andrade , Ramon Carrillo-Bastos , Mahmoud M. Asmar , Gerardo G. Naumis

The deposition of a two-dimensional material on the surface of a three-dimensional crystal can generate superlattices with electronic properties modified through the proximity spin-orbit effect. In this study, we found that Kekul\'e…

This work investigates the Floquet dynamics of electrons and excitons (particle-hole pairs) in a Dirac material referred to as Kekul\'e-distorted graphene. Specifically, we examine the role played by a high frequency driving electromagnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Sita Kandel , Godfrey Gumbs

A Kekul\'e bond texture in graphene modifies the electronic band structure by folding the Brillouin zone and bringing the two inequivalent Dirac points to the center. This can result, in the opening of a gap (Kek-O) or the locking of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-01-16 Elias Andrade , Ramon Carrillo-Bastos , Gerardo G. Naumis

We show the successful intercalation of large area (1 cm$^2$) epitaxial few-layer graphene grown on 4H-SiC with FeCl$_3$. Upon intercalation the resistivity of this system drops from an average value of $\approx 200 \ \Omega/sq$ to $\approx…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 T. H. Bointon , I. Khrapach , R. Yakimova , A. V. Shytov , M. F. Craciun , S. Russo

Kekul\'e phases are Peierls-like lattice distortions in graphene that are predicted to host novel electronic states beyond graphene (1-8). Although the Kekul\'e phases are realized in graphene through introducing electron-electron…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-03 Mo-Han Zhang , Ya-Ning Ren , Qi Zheng , Xiao-Feng Zhou , Lin He

Using density-functional theory, we calculate the electronic bandstructure of single-layer graphene on top of hexagonal In_2Te_2 monolayers. The geometric configuration with In and Te atoms at centers of carbon hexagons leads to a Kekule'…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-04-02 Gianluca Giovannetti , Massimo Capone , Jeroen van den Brink , Carmine Ortix

Tuning interactions between Dirac states in graphene has attracted enormous interest because it can modify the electronic spectrum of the two-dimensional material, enhance electron correlations, and give rise to novel condensed-matter…

Functional manipulation of graphene is an important topic in view of both fundamental researches and practical applications. In this study, we show that intercalation of 5$d$ transition metals in epitaxial graphene on SiC is a promising…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Minsung Kim , Cai-Zhuang Wang , Michael C. Tringides , Myron Hupalo , Kai-Ming Ho

We present a phenomenological theory of the low energy moir\'e minibands of Dirac electrons in graphene placed on an almost commensurate hexagonal underlay with a unit cell pproximately three times larger than that of graphene.A slight…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-10-15 J. R. Wallbank , M. Mucha-Kruczynski , V. I. Fal'ko

Two-dimensional quantum materials offer a robust platform for investigating the emergence of symmetry-broken ordered phases owing to the high tuneability of their electronic properties. For instance, the ability to create new electronic…

Fractional charges are one of the wonders of the fractional quantum Hall effect, a liquid of strongly correlated electrons in a large magnetic field. Fractional excitations are also anticipated in two-dimensional crystals of non-interacting…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Y. Guan , C. Dutreix , H. Gonzales-Herrero , M. M. Ugeda , I. Brihuega , M. I. Katsnelson , O. V. Yazyev , V. T. Renard

We theoretically study the competition between two possible exotic superconducting orders that may occur in graphene-like systems, assuming dominant nearest-neighbor attraction: the gapless hidden superconducting order, which renormalizes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-10-27 Flore K. Kunst , Christophe Delerue , Cristiane Morais Smith , Vladimir Juricic

Graphene deposited on top of a Copper(111) substrate may develop a Y-shaped Kekul\'e bond texture (Kekul\'e-Y), locking the momentum of its Dirac fermions with its valley degree of freedom. As a consequence, the valley degeneracy of its…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-05 Alex Santacruz , Priscilla E. Iglesias , Ramon Carrillo-Bastos , Francisco Mireles

We present a comprehensive investigation of the structural and electronic properties of Sn intercalated buffer layers on SiC(0001) using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (LT-STM/STS), spot-profile analysis…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Huu Thoai Ngo , Zamin Mamiyev , Niklas Witt , Tim Wehling , Christoph Tegenkamp

The transport properties of electrons in graphene $p$-$n$ junction with uniform Kekul\'e lattice distortion have been studied using the tight-binding model and the Landauer-B\"uttiker formalism combined with the nonequilibrium Green's…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Peipei Zhang , Chao Wang , Yu-Xian Li , Lixue Zhai , Juntao Song
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