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By integrating tools from external APIs, Large Language Models (LLMs) have expanded their promising capabilities in a diverse spectrum of complex real-world tasks. However, testing, evaluation, and analysis of LLM tool use remain in their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Da Song , Zhenlan Ji , Wenhan Wang , Shuai Wang , Lei Ma

Testing plays a crucial role in the software development cycle, enabling the detection of bugs, vulnerabilities, and other undesirable behaviors. To perform software testing, testers need to write code snippets that execute the program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenhan Wang , Chenyuan Yang , Zhijie Wang , Yuheng Huang , Zhaoyang Chu , Da Song , Lingming Zhang , An Ran Chen , Lei Ma

Unit tests play a key role in ensuring the correctness of software. However, manually creating unit tests is a laborious task, motivating the need for automation. Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been applied to this problem,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Max Schäfer , Sarah Nadi , Aryaz Eghbali , Frank Tip

We present a novel model-driven approach for testing RESTful applications. We introduce a (i) domain-specific language for OpenAPI specifications and (ii) a tool to support our methodology. Our DSL is inspired by session types and enables…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Christian Bartolo Burlò , Adrian Francalanza , Alceste Scalas , Emilio Tuosto

Automated test generation has become a key technique for ensuring software quality, particularly in modern API-based architectures. However, automatically generated test cases are typically assigned non-descriptive names (e.g., test0,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Philip Garrett , Juan P. Galeotti , Andrea Arcuri , Alexander Poth , Olsi Rrjolli

Unit testing is essential for ensuring software reliability and correctness. Classic Search-Based Software Testing (SBST) methods and concolic execution-based approaches for generating unit tests often fail to achieve high coverage due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Zhaoqiang Guo , Baowen Xu

Modern web services routinely provide REST APIs for clients to access their functionality. These APIs present unique challenges and opportunities for automated testing, driving the recent development of many techniques and tools that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Myeongsoo Kim , Qi Xin , Saurabh Sinha , Alessandro Orso

Test suites tend to grow when software evolves, making it often infeasible to execute all test cases with the allocated testing budgets, especially for large software systems. Test suite minimization (TSM) is employed to improve the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Rongqi Pan , Taher A. Ghaleb , Lionel Briand

Implementing automated unit tests is an important but time-consuming activity in software development. To assist developers in this task, many techniques for automating unit test generation have been developed. However, despite this effort,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Rangeet Pan , Myeongsoo Kim , Rahul Krishna , Raju Pavuluri , Saurabh Sinha

Software testing is a crucial but time-consuming aspect of software development, and recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity for automated test case generation. However, because LLMs are trained on vast amounts of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Benjamin Steenhoek , Michele Tufano , Neel Sundaresan , Alexey Svyatkovskiy

LLM-based tool agents offer natural language interfaces, enabling users to seamlessly interact with computing services. While REST APIs are valuable resources for building such agents, they must first be transformed into AI-compatible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Xinyi Ni , Qiuyang Wang , Yukun Zhang , Pengyu Hong

REpresentation State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style for designing web applications that enable scalable, stateless communication between clients and servers via common HTTP techniques. Web APIs that employ the REST style are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Sida Deng , Rubing Huang , Man Zhang , Chenhui Cui , Dave Towey , Rongcun Wang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance performance on complex reasoning tasks by leveraging test-time computation. However, existing scaling methods have key limitations: parallel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiefeng Chen , Jie Ren , Xinyun Chen , Chengrun Yang , Ruoxi Sun , Jinsung Yoon , Sercan Ö Arık

With this paper, we introduce RESTifAI, an LLM-driven approach for generating reusable, CI/CD ready REST API tests, following the happy-path approach. Unlike existing tools that often focus primarily on internal server errors, RESTifAI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Leon Kogler , Maximilian Ehrhart , Benedikt Dornauer , Eduard Paul Enoiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new potential for automating documentation-to-code traceability, yet their capabilities remain underexplored. We present a comprehensive evaluation of LLMs (Claude 3.5 Sonnet, GPT-4o, and o3-mini) in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Ebube Alor , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

The resurgence of autonomous agents built using large language models (LLMs) to solve complex real-world tasks has brought increased focus on LLMs' fundamental ability of tool or function calling. At the core of these agents, an LLM must…

The instruction-following ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has cultivated a class of LLM-based systems capable of approaching complex tasks such as making edits to large code repositories. Due to the high sensitivity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Beck LaBash , August Rosedale , Alex Reents , Lucas Negritto , Colin Wiel

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

Despite the advancements of open-source large language models (LLMs), e.g., LLaMA, they remain significantly limited in tool-use capabilities, i.e., using external tools (APIs) to fulfill human instructions. The reason is that current…

The manual generation of test scripts is a time-intensive, costly, and error-prone process, indicating the value of automated solutions. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great promise in this domain, leveraging their extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Victor Alves , Carla Bezerra , Ivan Machado , Larissa Rocha , Tássio Virgínio , Publio Silva