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Related papers: SpikingBrain: Spiking Brain-inspired Large Models

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Scaling context length is reshaping large-model development, yet full-attention Transformers suffer from prohibitive computation and inference bottlenecks at long sequences. A key challenge is to design foundation models that maintain…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters have improved performance in various applications, but their inference processes demand significant energy and computational resources. In contrast, the human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Xingrun Xing , Boyan Gao , Zheng Zhang , David A. Clifton , Shitao Xiao , Li Du , Guoqi Li , Jiajun Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress but incur substantial computational overhead and energy consumption during inference, limiting deployment in resource-constrained environments. Spiking Neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Han Xu , Zhiyong Qin , Di Shang , Jiahong Zhang , Xuerui Qiu , Bo Lei , Tiejun Huang , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient solution by utilizing the spike-based and sparse nature of biological systems. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on long…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Yan Zhong , Ruoyu Zhao , Chao Wang , Qinghai Guo , Jianguo Zhang , Zhichao Lu , Luziwei Leng

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are posited as a computationally efficient and biologically plausible alternative to conventional neural architectures, with their core computational framework primarily using the leaky integrate-and-fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Malyaban Bal , Abhronil Sengupta

Large language Models (LLMs), though growing exceedingly powerful, comprises of orders of magnitude less neurons and synapses than the human brain. However, it requires significantly more power/energy to operate. In this work, we propose a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Malyaban Bal , Abhronil Sengupta

Foundational models based on the transformer architecture are currently the state-of-the-art in general language modeling, as well as in scientific areas such as material science and climate. However, training and deploying these models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Adarsha Balaji , Sandeep Madireddy , Prasanna Balaprakash

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

As the size of large language models continue to scale, so does the computational resources required to run it. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as an energy-efficient approach to deep learning that leverage sparse and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Rui-Jie Zhu , Qihang Zhao , Guoqi Li , Jason K. Eshraghian

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), inspired by biological neural mechanisms, represent a promising neuromorphic computing paradigm that offers energy-efficient alternatives to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Despite proven…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeyang Song , Shimin Zhang , Yuhong Chou , Jibin Wu , Haizhou Li

Despite the growing prevalence of large language model (LLM) architectures, a crucial concern persists regarding their energy and power consumption, which still lags far behind the remarkable energy efficiency of the human brain. Recent…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Malyaban Bal , Yi Jiang , Abhronil Sengupta

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to enable energy-efficient computations. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on modern sequential tasks, as they inherit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Matei Ioan Stan , Oliver Rhodes

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) are primarily based on large-scale dense matrix multiplications. Inspired by the brain's information processing mechanism, we explore the fundamental question: how to effectively integrate the brain's…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Han Xu , Xuerui Qiu , Baiyu Chen , Xinhao Luo , Xingrun Xing , Jiahong Zhang , Bo Lei , Tiejun Huang , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a promising energy-efficient alternative to artificial neural networks, due to their event-driven spiking computation. However, some foundation SNN backbones (including Spikformer and SEW ResNet) suffer…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Chenlin Zhou , Liutao Yu , Zhaokun Zhou , Han Zhang , Jiaqi Wang , Huihui Zhou , Zhengyu Ma , Yonghong Tian

Recently, brain-inspired computing models have shown great potential to outperform today's deep learning solutions in terms of robustness and energy efficiency. Particularly, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and HyperDimensional Computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Zhuowen Zou , Haleh Alimohamadi , Farhad Imani , Yeseong Kim , Mohsen Imani

Large Language Models (LLMs) present significant challenges for deployment in energy-constrained environments due to their large model sizes and high inference latency. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), inspired by the sparse event-driven…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yi Jiang , Malyaban Bal , Brian Matejek , Susmit Jha , Adam Cobb , Abhronil Sengupta

Large language models have led to state-of-the-art accuracies across a range of tasks. However, training these models efficiently is challenging for two reasons: a) GPU memory capacity is limited, making it impossible to fit large models on…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have made great progress on both performance and efficiency over the last few years,but their unique working pattern makes it hard to train a high-performance low-latency SNN.Thus the development of SNNs still…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yudong Li , Yunlin Lei , Xu Yang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) aim to realize brain-inspired intelligence on neuromorphic chips with high energy efficiency by introducing neural dynamics and spike properties. As the emerging spiking deep learning paradigm attracts…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Wei Fang , Yanqi Chen , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Timothée Masquelier , Ding Chen , Liwei Huang , Huihui Zhou , Guoqi Li , Yonghong Tian

Towards energy-efficient artificial intelligence similar to the human brain, the bio-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) have advantages of biological plausibility, event-driven sparsity, and binary activation. Recently, large-scale…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Xingrun Xing , Zheng Zhang , Ziyi Ni , Shitao Xiao , Yiming Ju , Siqi Fan , Yequan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Guoqi Li
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