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In this work, we aim to reconcile several apparently contradictory observations in market microstructure: is the famous "square-root law" of metaorder impact, which decays with time, compatible with the random-walk nature of prices and the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-05 Guillaume Maitrier , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We propose a theory of the market impact of metaorders based on a coarse-grained approach where the microscopic details of supply and demand is replaced by a single parameter $\rho \in [0,+\infty]$ shaping the supply-demand equilibrium and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-17 Emilio Said

The available liquidity at any time in financial markets falls largely short of the typical size of the orders that institutional investors would trade. In order to reduce the impact on prices due to the execution of large orders, traders…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-22 Louis Saddier , Matteo Marsili

This paper introduces a novel algorithm for generating realistic metaorders from public trade data, addressing a longstanding challenge in price impact research that has traditionally relied on proprietary datasets. Our method effectively…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-08 Guillaume Maitrier , Grégoire Loeper , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We propose a dynamical theory of market liquidity that predicts that the average supply/demand profile is V-shaped and {\it vanishes} around the current price. This result is generic, and only relies on mild assumptions about the order flow…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2011-11-02 Bence Toth , Yves Lemperiere , Cyril Deremble , Joachim de Lataillade , Julien Kockelkoren , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

Latent order book models have allowed for significant progress in our understanding of price formation in financial markets. In particular they are able to reproduce a number of stylized facts, such as the square-root impact law. An…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-10-02 Lorenzo Dall'Amico , Antoine Fosset , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud , Michael Benzaquen

This paper deals with a fundamental subject that has seldom been addressed in recent years, that of market impact in the options market. Our analysis is based on a proprietary database of metaorders-large orders that are split into smaller…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-17 Emilio Said , Ahmed Bel Hadj Ayed , Damien Thillou , Jean-Jacques Rabeyrin , Frédéric Abergel

It is known that the impact of transactions on stock price (market impact) is a concave function of the size of the order, but there exists little quantitative theory that suggests why this is so. I develop a quantitative theory for the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Austin Gerig

Understanding the impact of trades on prices is a crucial question for both academic research and industry practice. It is well established that impact follows a square-root impact as a function of traded volume. However, the microscopic…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-05 Guillaume Maitrier , Grégoire Loeper , Kiyoshi Kanazawa , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We develop a theory for the market impact of large trading orders, which we call metaorders because they are typically split into small pieces and executed incrementally. Market impact is empirically observed to be a concave function of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-09-30 J. Doyne Farmer , Austin Gerig , Fabrizio Lillo , Henri Waelbroeck

In this paper, we assume that the permanent market impact of metaorders is linear and that the price is a martingale. Those two hypotheses enable us to derive the evolution of the price from the dynamics of the flow of market orders. For…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-02-07 Thibault Jaisson

We present a thorough empirical analysis of market impact on the Bitcoin/USD exchange market using a complete dataset that allows us to reconstruct more than one million metaorders. We empirically confirm the "square-root law'' for market…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2015-09-22 Jonathan Donier , Julius Bonart

Our goal in this paper is to study the market impact in a market in which the order flow is autocorrelated. We build a model which explains qualitatively and quantitatively the empirical facts observed so far concerning market impact. We…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2012-12-20 Jonathan Donier

Estimating market impact and transaction costs of large trades (metaorders) is a very important topic in finance. However, using models of price and trade based on public market data provide average price trajectories which are…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-04 Manuel Naviglio , Giacomo Bormetti , Francesco Campigli , German Rodikov , Fabrizio Lillo

This article provides a simple explanation of the asymptotic concavity of the price impact of a meta-order via the microstructural properties of the market. This explanation is made more precise by a model in which the local relationship…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-12-15 Sergey Nadtochiy

The goal of this paper is to disentangle the roles of volume and of participation rate in the price response of the market to a sequence of transactions. To do so, we are inspired the methodology introduced in arXiv:1402.1288,…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-12-01 Bruno Durin , Mathieu Rosenbaum , Grégoire Szymanski

In this research, we have empirically investigated the key drivers affecting liquidity in equity markets. We illustrated how theoretical models, such as Kyle's model, of agents' interplay in the financial markets, are aligned with the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-28 Anastasia Bugaenko

The notion of market impact is subtle and sometimes misinterpreted. Here we argue that impact should not be misconstrued as volatility. In particular, the so-called ``square-root impact law'', which states that impact grows as the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-05-14 Frédéric Bucci , Iacopo Mastromatteo , Michael Benzaquen , Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

We study the price impact of order book events - limit orders, market orders and cancelations - using the NYSE TAQ data for 50 U.S. stocks. We show that, over short time intervals, price changes are mainly driven by the order flow…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-17 Rama Cont , Arseniy Kukanov , Sasha Stoikov

This paper is devoted to the important yet little explored subject of the market impact of limit orders. Our analysis is based on a proprietary database of metaorders - large orders that are split into smaller pieces before being sent to…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-05-17 Emilio Said , Ahmed Bel Hadj Ayed , Alexandre Husson , Frédéric Abergel
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