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Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) aims to extract the semantics frame of user queries, which is a core component in a task-oriented dialog system. With the burst of deep neural networks and the evolution of pre-trained language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Libo Qin , Tianbao Xie , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu

While large language models (LLMs) have been applied to automatic speech recognition (ASR), the task of making the model streamable remains a challenge. This paper proposes a novel model architecture, Transducer-Llama, that integrates LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Keqi Deng , Jinxi Guo , Yingyi Ma , Niko Moritz , Philip C. Woodland , Ozlem Kalinli , Mike Seltzer

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a common approach to compress a teacher model to reduce its inference cost and memory footprint, by training a smaller student model. However, in the context of autoregressive language models (LMs), we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Li Shen , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Large language models (LLMs) deliver remarkable performance but are costly to deploy, motivating knowledge distillation (KD) for efficient inference. Existing KD objectives typically match student and teacher probabilities via softmax,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yeongmin Kim , Donghyeok Shin , Mina Kang , Byeonghu Na , Il-Chul Moon

Pre-trained language models (e.g., BERT (Devlin et al., 2018) and its variants) have achieved remarkable success in varieties of NLP tasks. However, these models usually consist of hundreds of millions of parameters which brings challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Wenhui Wang , Furu Wei , Li Dong , Hangbo Bao , Nan Yang , Ming Zhou

While large audio language models excel at tasks like ASR and emotion recognition, they still struggle with complex reasoning due to the modality gap between audio and text as well as the lack of structured intermediate supervision. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Runyan Yang , Yuke Si , Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

Ensuring that Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text representative of diverse sub-populations is essential, particularly when key concepts related to under-represented groups are scarce in the training data. We address this challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Sabit Hassan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

The remarkable performance of the pre-trained language model (LM) using self-supervised learning has led to a major paradigm shift in the study of natural language processing. In line with these changes, leveraging the performance of speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mun-Hak Lee , Joon-Hyuk Chang

Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a fundamental technique for compressing large language models (LLMs) into compact, efficient student models. However, existing white-box KD methods mainly focus on balancing ground truth and student-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Lingyuan Liu , Mengxiang Zhang

Dataset distillation aims to compress a training dataset by creating a small number of informative synthetic samples such that neural networks trained on them perform as well as those trained on the original training dataset. Current text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Aru Maekawa , Satoshi Kosugi , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

In this work, we propose a technique to transfer speech recognition capabilities from audio speech recognition systems to visual speech recognizers, where our goal is to utilize audio data during lipreading model training. Impressive…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Hadeel Mabrouk , Omar Abugabal , Nourhan Sakr , Hesham M. Eraqi

Knowledge Distillation (KD) compresses neural networks by learning a small network (student) via transferring knowledge from a pre-trained large network (teacher). Many endeavours have been devoted to the image domain, while few works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ping Li , Chenhao Ping , Wenxiao Wang , Mingli Song

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable success in enhancing translation performance by integrating multimodal information. However, existing research primarily focuses on image-guided methods, whose applicability is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yexing Du , Youcheng Pan , Zekun Wang , Zheng Chu , Yichong Huang , Kaiyuan Liu , Bo Yang , Yang Xiang , Ming Liu , Bing Qin

As deep vision models grow increasingly complex to achieve higher performance, deployment efficiency has become a critical concern. Knowledge distillation (KD) mitigates this issue by transferring knowledge from large teacher models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Chen Liu , Qizhen Lan , Zhicheng Ding , Xinyu Chu , Qing Tian

Large pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) have been shown to be susceptible to adversarial attacks, raising concerns about their deployment in safety-critical applications like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Lin Luo , Xin Wang , Bojia Zi , Shihao Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Speculative Decoding (SD) accelerates large language model inference by employing a small draft model to generate predictions, which are then verified by a larger target model. The effectiveness of SD hinges on the alignment between these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yuezhou Hu , Jiaxin Guo , Xinyu Feng , Tuo Zhao

End-to-end spoken language understanding (SLU) systems are gaining popularity over cascaded approaches due to their simplicity and ability to avoid error propagation. However, these systems model sequence labeling as a sequence prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Siddhant Arora , Siddharth Dalmia , Brian Yan , Florian Metze , Alan W Black , Shinji Watanabe

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in Spoken Language Understanding (SLU), where effective multimodal learning depends on the alignment between audio and text. Despite various fusion methods, no standard metric exists to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Pooneh Mousavi , Yingzhi Wang , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

In the realm of large language model (LLM), as the size of large models increases, it also brings higher training costs. There is a urgent need to minimize the data size in LLM training. Compared with data selection method, the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Rong Yao , Hailin Hu , Yifei Fu , Hanting Chen , Wenyi Fang , Fanyi Du , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is a core task in most human-machine interaction systems. With the emergence of smart homes, smart phones and smart speakers, SLU has become a key technology for the industry. In a classical SLU approach,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Thierry Desot , François Portet , Michel Vacher