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Motivated by the rich theory of harmonic maps from a 2-sphere, we study biharmonic maps from a 2-sphere in this paper. We first derive biharmonic equation for rotationally symmetric maps between rotationally symmetric 2-manifolds. We then…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Ze-Ping Wang , Ye-Lin Ou , Han-Chun Yang

The oscillation of a Laplacian eigenfunction gives a great deal of information about the manifold on which it is defined. This oscillation can be encoded in the nodal deficiency, an important geometric quantity that is notoriously hard to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Gregory Berkolaiko , Yaiza Canzani , Graham Cox , Jeremy L. Marzuola

Stochastic field theories are often constructed phenomenologically, without a systematic assessment of thermodynamic consistency or local detailed balance. This may hinder a physical description of irreversibility at the field-theoretic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-29 Héctor Vaquero del Pino , François Gay-Balmaz , Hiroaki Yoshimura , Lock Yue Chew

We derive the equations of nonlinear electroelastostatics using three different variational formulations involving the deformation function and an independent field variable representing the electric character - considering either one of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-12-21 Prashant Saxena , Basant Lal Sharma

In this article we introduce a natural extension of the well-studied equation for harmonic maps between Riemannian manifolds by assuming that the target manifold is equipped with a connection that is metric but has non-vanishing torsion.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Volker Branding

We study the numerical algorithm and error analysis for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with dynamic boundary conditions. A second-order in time, linear and energy stable scheme is proposed, which is an extension of the first-order stabilized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Xiangjun Meng , Xuelian Bao , Zhengru Zhang

We study variational problems for integral invariants, which are defined as integrations of invariant functions of the second fundamental form, of a smooth map between pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. We derive the first variational formulae…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Rika Akiyama , Takashi Sakai , Yuichiro Sato

We investigate equilibrium configurations for surface energies which contain the squared $L^2$ norm of the difference of the mean curvature H and the spontaneous curvature $c_o$ coupled with the elastic energy of the boundary curve, which…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Bennett Palmer , Alvaro Pampano

We study the deformations of twisted harmonic maps $f$ with respect to the representation $\rho$. After constructing a continuous "universal" twisted harmonic map, we give a construction of every first order deformation of $f$ in terms of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-12 Marco Spinaci

We are interested in the question of stability in the field of shape optimization, with focus on the strategy using second order shape derivative. More precisely, we identify structural hypotheses on the hessian of the considered shape…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-07-25 Marc Dambrine , Jimmy Lamboley , M Dambrine-J

The identity map of an Einstein manifold is a critical point of both the classical energy functional and the conformal-bienergy functional. In this paper, we investigate the conformal-biharmonic stability of the identity map of compact…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Volker Branding , Simona Nistor , Cezar Oniciuc

In this paper, the variational formulation for steady periodic stratified water waves in two-layer flows is given. The critical points of a natural energy functional is proved to be the solutions of the governing equations. And the second…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-03-26 Yuchao He , Yonghui Xia , Zhe Zhou

We study time and space equivariant wave maps from $M\times\RR\rightarrow S^2,$ where $M$ is diffeomorphic to a two dimensional sphere and admits an action of SO(2) by isometries. We assume that metric on $M$ can be written as…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-04-04 Sohrab M. Shahshahani

In this paper, we derive the first and second variation formulas for the renormalized area for static Einstein spaces along a specific direction, demonstrating that the negativity of the Neumann data implies instability. Consequently, we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Zhixin Wang

In this paper we describe a 1-dimensional variational approach to the analytical construction of equivariant biharmonic maps. Our goal is to provide a direct method which enables analysts to compute directly the analytical conditions which…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-04-09 Stefano Montaldo , Andrea Ratto

In this note, we compute the second variational formula for the functional $\int_M v^{(6)}(g)dv_g$, which was introduced by Graham-Juhl and the first variational formula was obtained by Chang-Fang. We also prove that Einstein manifolds…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2010-06-02 Bin Guo , Haizhong Li

In this paper, we motivate and define $\Phi$-energy density, $\Phi$-energy, $\Phi$-harmonic maps and stable $\Phi$-harmonic maps. Whereas harmonic maps or $p$-harmonic maps can be viewed as critical points of the integral of $\sigma_1$ of a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-15 Yingbo Han , Shihshu Walter Wei

In this paper, we derive the second variation formula of pseudoharmonic maps into any pseudo-Hermitian manifolds. When the target manifold is an isometric embedded CR manifold in complex Euclidean space or a pseudo-Hermitian immersed…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-28 Tian Chong , Yuxin Dong , Yibin Ren

We consider several different bidirectional Whitham equations that have recently appeared in the literature. Each of these models combine the full two-way dispersion relation from the incompressible Euler equations with a canonical shallow…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-04-11 Kyle M. Claassen , Mathew A. Johnson

The first result in this study is a non-existence theorem for $\alpha-$harmonic mappings. Additionally, a direct connection between the $\alpha-$ harmonic and harmonic maps is made possible via conformal deformation. Second, the instability…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-08-26 Seyed Mehdi Kazemi Torbaghan , Keyvan Salehi