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The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has reformed the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Prompting LLM with audio embeddings to generate transcriptions becomes the new state-of-the-art ASR. Despite LLMs being trained with an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Ozlem Kalinli

Speech-enabled systems typically first convert audio to text through an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model and then feed the text to downstream natural language processing (NLP) modules. The errors of the ASR system can seriously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Tong Cui , Jinghui Xiao , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Current soft prompt methods yield limited performance when applied to small-sized models (fewer than a billion parameters). Deep prompt-tuning, which entails prepending parameters in each layer for enhanced efficacy, presents a solution for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mingqi Li , Feng Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, and their multimodal expansions (MLLMs) further unlock capabilities spanning images, videos, and other modalities beyond text. However, despite this shift, prompt optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yumin Choi , Dongki Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Prompts are crucial to large language models as they provide context information such as topic or logical relationships. Inspired by this, we propose PromptASR, a framework that integrates prompts in end-to-end automatic speech recognition…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-25 Xiaoyu Yang , Wei Kang , Zengwei Yao , Yifan Yang , Liyong Guo , Fangjun Kuang , Long Lin , Daniel Povey

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance across multiple crosslingual NLP tasks, including machine translation (MT). However, persistent challenges remain in addressing context-sensitive units (CSUs), such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Qiuyu Ding , Zhiqiang Cao , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

We introduce Meta-Reasoning Prompting (MRP), a novel and efficient system prompting method for large language models (LLMs) inspired by human meta-reasoning. Traditional in-context learning-based reasoning techniques, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Peizhong Gao , Ao Xie , Shaoguang Mao , Wenshan Wu , Yan Xia , Haipeng Mi , Furu Wei

Recent studies have shown the ability of large language models to perform a variety of tasks, including time series forecasting. The flexible nature of these models allows them to be used for many applications. In this paper, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Sarah Alnegheimish , Linh Nguyen , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Synthetic data has become a cornerstone for scaling large language models, yet its multilingual use remains bottlenecked by translation-based prompts. This strategy inherits English-centric framing and style and neglects cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 David Mora , Viraat Aryabumi , Wei-Yin Ko , Sara Hooker , Julia Kreutzer , Marzieh Fadaee

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate their promise in tackling complicated practical challenges by combining action-based policies with chain of thought (CoT) reasoning. Having high-quality prompts on hand, however, is vital to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Xue Yan , Yan Song , Xinyu Cui , Filippos Christianos , Haifeng Zhang , David Henry Mguni , Jun Wang

Speech Event Extraction (SpeechEE) is a challenging task that lies at the intersection of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), requiring the identification of structured event information from spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Máté Gedeon

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has inaugurated a transformative epoch in natural language processing, fostering unprecedented proficiency in text generation, comprehension, and contextual scrutiny. Nevertheless,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Cangqing Wang , Yutian Yang , Ruisi Li , Dan Sun , Ruicong Cai , Yuzhu Zhang , Chengqian Fu , Lillian Floyd

This report examines the effectiveness of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting in improving the multi-step reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). Inspired by previous studies \cite{Min2022RethinkingWork}, we analyze the impact of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Aayush Mishra , Karan Thakkar

Large language models (LLMs) are evolving from conversational systems into strong reasoners for tasks such as Olympiad mathematics and competitive programming. While scaling parameters and test-time computation has driven progress, a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Xueliang Zhao , Wei Wu , Jian Guan , Zhuocheng Gong , Lingpeng Kong

This research investigates prompt designs of evaluating generated texts using large language models (LLMs). While LLMs are increasingly used for scoring various inputs, creating effective prompts for open-ended text evaluation remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 KuanChao Chu , Yi-Pei Chen , Hideki Nakayama

While large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and PaLM have demonstrated remarkable performance in various language understanding and generation tasks, their capabilities in complex reasoning and intricate knowledge utilization still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Haodi Zhang , Min Cai , Xinhe Zhang , Chen Jason Zhang , Rui Mao , Kaishun Wu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to their popularity across multiple use-cases. However, prompt engineering, the process for optimally utilizing such models, remains approximation-driven and subjective. Most of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Aashutosh Nema , Samaksh Gulati , Evangelos Giakoumakis , Bipana Thapaliya

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in natural language understanding and reasoning. However, their ability to perform exact, deterministic computation remains unclear. In this work, we systematically evaluate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hongkun Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong promise for mining Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by reasoning over longitudinal clinical information to capture context-rich patient trajectories. However, leveraging LLMs for structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arya Hadizadeh Moghaddam , Drew Ross , Mohsen Nayebi Kerdabadi , Dongjie Wang , Zijun Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown prominent performance in various downstream tasks and prompt engineering plays a pivotal role in optimizing LLMs' performance. This paper, not only as an overview of current prompt engineering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Haochen Li , Jonathan Leung , Zhiqi Shen