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Multiscale dynamical systems, modeled by high-dimensional stiff ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with wide-ranging characteristic timescales, arise across diverse fields of science and engineering, but their numerical solvers often…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Junjie Yao , Yuxiao Yi , Liangkai Hang , Weinan E , Weizong Wang , Yaoyu Zhang , Tianhan Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Traditional approaches to stabilizing hyperbolic PDEs, such as PDE backstepping, often encounter challenges when dealing with high-dimensional or complex nonlinear problems. Their solutions require high computational and analytical costs.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Xianhe Zhang , Yu Xiao , Xiaodong Xu , Biao Luo

Developing fast surrogates for Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) will accelerate design and optimization in almost all scientific and engineering applications. Neural networks have been receiving ever-increasing attention and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 AmirPouya Hemmasian , Amir Barati Farimani

We propose a deep neural-operator framework for a general class of probability models. Under global Lipschitz conditions on the operator over the entire Euclidean space-and for a broad class of probabilistic models-we establish a universal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Erhan Bayraktar , Qi Feng , Zecheng Zhang , Zhaoyu Zhang

Recently, several deep learning (DL) methods for approximating high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) have been proposed. The interest that these methods have generated in the literature is in large part due to simulations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Julia Ackermann , Arnulf Jentzen , Thomas Kruse , Benno Kuckuck , Joshua Lee Padgett

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming increasingly deeper, wider, and non-linear due to the growing demands on prediction accuracy and analysis quality. When training a DNN model, the intermediate activation data must be saved in the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Sian Jin , Guanpeng Li , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Dingwen Tao

Neural operators have achieved strong performance in learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs), but their inherently continuous representations struggle to capture discontinuities and sharp transitions. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Ha Dang , Sebastian Schmidt , Juergen Hesser

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are generated by sequentially performing linear and non-linear processes. Using a combination of linear and non-linear procedures is critical for generating a sufficiently deep feature space. The majority of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Yufei Hu , Nacim Belkhir , Jesus Angulo , Angela Yao , Gianni Franchi

In this paper, we present a deep neural network based adaptive learning (DNN-AL) approach for switched systems. Currently, deep neural network based methods are actively developed for learning governing equations in unknown dynamic systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Junjie He , Zhihang Xu , Qifeng Liao

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) in recent years. In this work, a novel deep learning-based framework named Particle Weak-form based Neural Networks (ParticleWNN) is developed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yaohua Zang , Gang Bao

We propose rigorous lower and upper error bounds for neural network (NN) approximations to PDEs by efficiently computing the Riesz representations of suitable extension and restrictions of the NN residual towards geometrically simpler…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Lewin Ernst , Nikolaos Rekatsinas , Karsten Urban

In this paper, we provide a theoretical analysis of a type of operator learning method without data reliance based on the classical finite element approximation, which is called the finite element operator network (FEONet). We first…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-30 Youngjoon Hong , Seungchan Ko , Jaeyong Lee

In an ever expanding set of research and application areas, deep neural networks (DNNs) set the bar for algorithm performance. However, depending upon additional constraints such as processing power and execution time limits, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Nathan Dahlin , Krishna Chaitanya Kalagarla , Nikhil Naik , Rahul Jain , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Nonlinear differential equations rarely admit closed-form solutions, thus requiring numerical time-stepping algorithms to approximate solutions. Further, many systems characterized by multiscale physics exhibit dynamics over a vast range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Yuying Liu , J. Nathan Kutz , Steven L. Brunton

Due to the nonlinear nature of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), one can not guarantee convergence to a unique global minimum of the loss when using optimizers relying only on local information, such as SGD. Indeed, this was a primary source of…

The use of neural networks to approximate partial differential equations (PDEs) has gained significant attention in recent years. However, the approximation of PDEs with localised phenomena, e.g., sharp gradients and singularities, remains…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Santiago Badia , Wei Li , Alberto F. Martín

We propose the Distance-informed Neural Process (DNP), a novel variant of Neural Processes that improves uncertainty estimation by combining global and distance-aware local latent structures. Standard Neural Processes (NPs) often rely on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Aishwarya Venkataramanan , Joachim Denzler

Scientific computing using deep learning has seen significant advancements in recent years. There has been growing interest in models that learn the operator from the parameters of a partial differential equation (PDE) to the corresponding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Sung Woong Cho , Jae Yong Lee , Hyung Ju Hwang

In this paper, we introduce convolutional proximal neural networks (cPNNs), which are by construction averaged operators. For filters of full length, we propose a stochastic gradient descent algorithm on a submanifold of the Stiefel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Johannes Hertrich , Sebastian Neumayer , Gabriele Steidl

The recently introduced DeepONet operator-learning framework for PDE control is extended from the results for basic hyperbolic and parabolic PDEs to an advanced hyperbolic class that involves delays on both the state and the system output…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Jie Qi , Jing Zhang , Miroslav Krstic