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Critical decision-making issues in science, engineering, and industry are based on combinatorial optimization; however, its application is inherently limited by the NP-hard nature of the problem. A specialized paradigm of analogue quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Rudraksh Sharma , Ravi Katukam , Arjun Nagulapally

Quantum technology is maturing to the point where quantum devices, such as quantum communication systems, quantum random number generators and quantum simulators, may be built with capabilities exceeding classical computers. A quantum…

We explore how the fundamental problems in quantum molecular dynamics can be modelled using classical simulators (emulators) of quantum computers and the actual quantum hardware available to us today. The list of problems we tackle includes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Tamila Kuanysheva , Brian Kendrick , Lukasz Cincio , Dmitri Babikov

In this note, we describe an experiment on portfolio optimization using the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulation. The dataset we use is taken from a real-world problem for which a classical solution is currently…

Quantum mechanical problems are among the hardest to simulate and, in some cases, remain intractable even for the most powerful computers. Quantum computing has emerged as a new technological platform to address such challenges, with rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Alexander Miessen

Heterogeneous HPC workflow scheduling under multiple hard constraints poses a challenging combinatorial optimization problem. Classical exact solvers guarantee optimality but face scalability limits, motivating interest in quantum-inspired…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Aasish Kumar Sharma , Christian Boehme , Julian Kunkel

Despite being considered as the next frontier in computation, Quantum Computing is still in an early stage of development. Indeed, current commercial quantum computers suffer from some critical restraints, such as noisy processes and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-04 Esther Villar-Rodriguez , Eneko Osaba , Izaskun Oregi

While quantum simulation is one of the most promising applications of modern quantum devices, accessible simulation times are fundamentally limited by finite coherence times due to omnipresent noise. Based on the ideas of relational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Sebastian Gemsheim , Felix Fritzsch

Modern quantum annealers can find high-quality solutions to combinatorial optimisation objectives given as quadratic unconstrained binary optimisation (QUBO) problems. Unfortunately, obtaining suitable QUBO forms in computer vision remains…

In a recent study (Ref. [1]), quantum annealing was reported to exhibit a scaling advantage for approximately solving Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO). However, this claim critically depends on the choice of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 J. Pawlowski , P. Tarasiuk , J. Tuziemski , L. Pawela , B. Gardas

Over the past decade, the usefulness of quantum annealing hardware for combinatorial optimization has been the subject of much debate. Thus far, experimental benchmarking studies have indicated that quantum annealing hardware does not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Byron Tasseff , Tameem Albash , Zachary Morrell , Marc Vuffray , Andrey Y. Lokhov , Sidhant Misra , Carleton Coffrin

Utilizing present and futuristic Quantum Computers to solve difficult problems in different domains has become one of the main endeavors at this moment. Of course, in arriving at the requisite solution both quantum and classical computers…

Quantum annealing offers a promising paradigm for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, but its practical application is severely hindered by two challenges: the complex, manual process of translating problem descriptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Huixiang Zhang , Mahzabeen Emu , Salimur Choudhury

We assess the prospects for algorithms within the general framework of quantum annealing (QA) to achieve a quantum speedup relative to classical state of the art methods in combinatorial optimization and related sampling tasks. We argue for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-22 E. J. Crosson , D. A. Lidar

Combinatorial optimization is anticipated to be one of the primary use cases for quantum computation in the coming years. The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and Quantum Annealing (QA) can potentially demonstrate…

The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) model has gained prominence in recent years with the discovery that it unifies a rich variety of combinatorial optimization problems. By its association with the Ising problem in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Fred Glover , Gary Kochenberger , Yu Du

The LogQ algorithm encodes Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, which are often encountered in the industry (portfolio optimization, fleet optimization, charging stations, etc.). It was developed within the framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Jérémie Messud , Yagnik Chatterjee

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) is the standard interface to quantum annealers, yet a single constrained task admits many QUBO encodings whose penalty choices reshape the energy landscape experienced by hardware. We study…

For various optimization problems, the classical time to solution is super-polynomial and intractable to solve with classical bit-based computing hardware to date. Digital and quantum annealers have the potential to identify near-optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Milind Upadhyay , Mark Nicholas Jones

Recently, several researchers proposed portfolio optimization as a potential use case for quantum optimization. However, the literature is lacking an extensive benchmark quantifying the potential of quantum computers for portfolio…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Eric Stopfer , Friedrich Wagner