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In this paper, we reveal an intriguing relationship between two seemingly unrelated notions: letter graphs and geometric grid classes of permutations. An important property common for both of them is well-quasi-orderability, implying, in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Bogdan Alecu , Vadim Lozin , Dominique de Werra , Viktor Zamaraev

We give an exact characterization of 3-colorability of triangle-free graphs drawn in the torus, in the form of 186 "templates" (graphs with certain faces filled by arbitrary quadrangulations) such that a graph from this class is not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-03 Zdeněk Dvořák , Jakub Pekárek

In this article, we are concerned with various aspects of arcs on surfaces. In the first part, we deal with topological aspects of arcs and their complements. We use this understanding, in the second part, to construct interesting actions…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-02-18 Federica Fanoni , Tyrone Ghaswala , Alan McLeay

A plane near-triangulation G can be decomposed into a collection of induced subgraphs, described here as the W-components of G, such that G is perfect (respectively, chordal) if and only if each of its W-components is perfect (respectively,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-26 Sameera M Salam , Daphna Chacko , Nandini J Warrier , K Murali Krishnan , Sudeep K S

In this paper, we study local systems of locally finite associative algebras over fields of characteristic p\ge0. We describe the perfect local systems and study the relation between them and their corresponding locally finite associative…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-01-08 Hasan M S Shlaka

Let $l$ and $p$ be two distinct prime numbers. We study $l$-isogeny graphs of ordinary elliptic curves defined over a finite field of characteristic $p$, together with a level structure. Firstly, we show that as the level varies over all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-12 Antonio Lei , Katharina Müller

Partial cubes are isometric subgraphs of hypercubes. Structures on a graph defined by means of semicubes, and Djokovi\'{c}'s and Winkler's relations play an important role in the theory of partial cubes. These structures are employed in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sergei Ovchinnikov

The increasing prevalence of graph-structured data across various domains has intensified greater interest in graph classification tasks. While numerous sophisticated graph learning methods have emerged, their complexity often hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Saiful Islam , Md. Nahid Hasan , Pitambar Khanra

The family of cycle completable graphs has several cryptomorphic descriptions, the equivalence of which has heretofore been proven by a laborious implication-cycle that detours through a motivating matrix completion problem. We give a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Maria Chudnovsky , Ian Malcolm Johnson McInnis

We introduce the concept of shallow directed minors and based on this a new classification of classes of directed graphs which is diametric to existing directed graph decompositions and width measures proposed in the literature. We then…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-04-20 Stephan Kreutzer , Siamak Tazari

We investigate the Ward identities of the $\W_{\infty}$ symmetry in the super-Liouville theory coupled to the super-conformal matter of central charge ${\hat c}_M = 1-2(p-q)^2 /pq$. The theory is classified into two chiralities. For the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Ken-ji Hamada , Hiroshi Ishikawa

In this paper, we discuss several additional properties a power linear Keller map may have. The Structural Conjecture by Druzkowski in [Dru] asserts that two such properties are equivalent, but we show that one of this properties is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-03-24 Michiel de Bondt , Dan Yan

Aksenov proved that in a planar graph G with at most one triangle, every precoloring of a 4-cycle can be extended to a 3-coloring of G. We give an exact characterization of planar graphs with two triangles in that some precoloring of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-25 Zdeněk Dvořák , Bernard Lidický

The class of closed graphs by a linear ordering on their sets of vertices is investigated. A recent characterization of such a class of graphs is analyzed by using tools from the proper interval graph theory.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Marilena Crupi

We study the class of edge-coloured graphs arising from the graph-theoretic representation of quantum photonic experiments that generate multipartite W-states. Abstracting away physical amplitudes and phases, we introduce W-state graphs:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Rishikesh Gajjala , Saurabh Ray , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

A graph class $\mathcal C$ is monadically dependent if one cannot interpret all graphs in colored graphs from $\mathcal C$ using a fixed first-order interpretation. We prove that monadically dependent classes can be exactly characterized by…

In this paper, we observe the amalgamated free product structure of a Graph W*-probability space. In [16] and [17], we already observed the operator-valued freeness conditions on a graph W*-algebra. By using the conditions, we will consider…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ilwoo Cho

We establish a quadratic identity for the Yamada polynomial of ribbon cubic graphs in 3-space, extending the Tutte golden identity for planar cubic graphs. An application is given to the structure of the flow polynomial of cubic graphs at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Ian Agol , Vyacheslav Krushkal

In this paper, we study structural properties of Toeplitz graphs. We characterize $K_q$-free Toeplitz graphs for an integer $q \ge 3$ and give equivalent conditions for a Toeplitz graph $G_n\langle t_1, t_2,\ldots, t_k\rangle$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Seyed Ahmad Mojallal , Ji-Hwan Jung , Gi-Sang Cheon , Suh-Ryung Kim , Bumtle Kang

We introduce characteristic numbers of a finite commutative unital $\mathbb{C}$-algebra, which are numerical invariants arising from algebraic intersection theory. We characterize Gorenstein and local complete intersection algebras in terms…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Jakub Jagiełła , Paweł Pielasa , Anatoli Shatsila
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