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Accurate beam prediction is a key enabler for next-generation wireless communication systems. In this paper, we propose a multimodal large language model (LLM)-based beam prediction framework that effectively utilizes contextual…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Tianhao Mao , Le Liang , Jie Yang , Xiao Li , Shi Jin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Recent advancements in bird's eye view (BEV) representations have shown remarkable promise for in-vehicle 3D perception. However, while these methods have achieved impressive results on standard benchmarks, their robustness in varied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shaoyuan Xie , Lingdong Kong , Wenwei Zhang , Jiawei Ren , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu

Autonomous vehicle perception systems have traditionally relied on costly LiDAR sensors to generate precise environmental representations. In this paper, we propose a camera-only perception framework that produces Bird's Eye View (BEV) maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Anupkumar Bochare

Bird's Eye View (BEV) map prediction is essential for downstream autonomous driving tasks like trajectory prediction. In the past, this was accomplished through the use of a sophisticated sensor configuration that captured a surround view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Daniel Busch , Ido Freeman , Richard Meyes , Tobias Meisen

Extracting a Bird's Eye View (BEV) representation from multiple camera images offers a cost-effective, scalable alternative to LIDAR-based solutions in autonomous driving. However, the performance of the existing BEV methods drops…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Merve Rabia Barın , Görkay Aydemir , Fatma Güney

Bird's eye view (BEV)-based 3D perception plays a crucial role in autonomous driving applications. The rise of large language models has spurred interest in BEV-based captioning to understand object behavior in the surrounding environment.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yunsheng Ma , Burhaneddin Yaman , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Feng Tao , Abhirup Mallik , Ziran Wang , Liu Ren

Autonomous vehicles (AV) require that neural networks used for perception be robust to different viewpoints if they are to be deployed across many types of vehicles without the repeated cost of data collection and labeling for each. AV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Tzofi Klinghoffer , Jonah Philion , Wenzheng Chen , Or Litany , Zan Gojcic , Jungseock Joo , Ramesh Raskar , Sanja Fidler , Jose M. Alvarez

Perception is a key component of Automated vehicles (AVs). However, sensors mounted to the AVs often encounter blind spots due to obstructions from other vehicles, infrastructure, or objects in the surrounding area. While recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Nithish Kumar Saravanan , Varun Jammula , Yezhou Yang , Jeffrey Wishart , Junfeng Zhao

World models, generative AI systems that simulate how environments evolve, are transforming autonomous driving, yet all existing approaches adopt an ego-vehicle perspective, leaving the infrastructure viewpoint unexplored. We argue that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Siyuan Meng , Chengbo Ai

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) enable multimodal reasoning for robotic perception and interaction, but their deployment in real-world systems remains constrained by latency, limited onboard resources, and privacy risks of cloud offloading.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Sarat Ahmad , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi

Most automated driving systems comprise a diverse sensor set, including several cameras, Radars, and LiDARs, ensuring a complete 360\deg coverage in near and far regions. Unlike Radar and LiDAR, which measure directly in 3D, cameras capture…

With the attention gained by camera-only 3D object detection in autonomous driving, methods based on Bird-Eye-View (BEV) representation especially derived from the forward view transformation paradigm, i.e., lift-splat-shoot (LSS), have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Weijie Ma , Jingwei Jiang , Yang Yang , Zehui Chen , Hao Chen

A critical requirement for automated driving systems is enabling situational awareness in dynamically changing environments. To that end vehicles will be equipped with diverse sensors, e.g., LIDAR, cameras, mmWave radar, etc. Unfortunately…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-20 Yicong Wang , Gustavo de Veciana , Takayuki Shimizu , Hongsheng Lu

Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) cooperative perception plays a crucial role in autonomous driving scenarios. Despite its potential to improve perception accuracy and robustness, the large amount of raw sensor data inevitably results in high…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Jiawei Shao , Teng Li , Jun Zhang

The comprehensiveness of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) recognition enriches and holistically shapes the global Birds-Eye-View (BEV) perception, incorporating rich semantics and integrating driving scene information, thereby serving features…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Fukang Li , Wenlin Ou , Kunpeng Gao , Yuwen Pang , Yifei Li , Henry Fan

This paper introduces a novel neural network framework called M2BeamLLM for beam prediction in millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO) communication systems. M2BeamLLM integrates multi-modal sensor data, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Chung G. Kang , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Merouane Debbah

Automated perception of urban roadside infrastructure is crucial for smart city management, yet general-purpose models often struggle to capture the necessary fine-grained attributes and domain rules. While Large Vision Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Luxuan Fu , Chong Liu , Bisheng Yang , Zhen Dong

Autonomous driving requires efficient reasoning about the location and appearance of the different agents in the scene, which aids in downstream tasks such as object detection, object tracking, and path planning. The past few years have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Sarthak Sharma , Unnikrishnan R. Nair , Udit Singh Parihar , Midhun Menon S , Srikanth Vidapanakal

Autonomous driving technology has the potential to transform transportation, but its wide adoption depends on the development of interpretable and transparent decision-making systems. Scene captioning, which generates natural language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Felix Brandstaetter , Erik Schuetz , Katharina Winter , Fabian Flohr

In this paper, we propose BeamLLM, a vision-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam prediction framework leveraging large language models (LLMs) to address the challenges of high training overhead and latency in mmWave communication systems. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Chung G. Kang