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Unified models aim to support both understanding and generation by encoding images into discrete tokens and processing them alongside text within a single autoregressive framework. This unified design offers architectural simplicity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ziyao Wang , Chen Chen , Jingtao Li , Weiming Zhuang , Jiabo Huang , Ang Li , Lingjuan Lyu

We present VARGPT, a novel multimodal large language model (MLLM) that unifies visual understanding and generation within a single autoregressive framework. VARGPT employs a next-token prediction paradigm for visual understanding and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xianwei Zhuang , Yuxin Xie , Yufan Deng , Liming Liang , Jinghan Ru , Yuguo Yin , Yuexian Zou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in text generation and comprehension, with recent advancements extending into multimodal LLMs that integrate visual and audio inputs. However, these models continue to struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Arushi Goel , Karan Sapra , Matthieu Le , Rafael Valle , Andrew Tao , Bryan Catanzaro

In this paper, we present an end-to-end trainable unified multiscale encoder-decoder transformer that is focused on dense prediction tasks in video. The presented Multiscale Encoder-Decoder Video Transformer (MED-VT) uses multiscale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Rezaul Karim , He Zhao , Richard P. Wildes , Mennatullah Siam

Diffusion models have gained tremendous success in text-to-image generation, yet still lag behind with visual understanding tasks, an area dominated by autoregressive vision-language models. We propose a large-scale and fully end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zijie Li , Henry Li , Yichun Shi , Amir Barati Farimani , Yuval Kluger , Linjie Yang , Peng Wang

Most existing multimodality methods use separate backbones for autoregression-based discrete text generation and diffusion-based continuous visual generation, or the same backbone by discretizing the visual data to use autoregression for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Chuyang Zhao , Yuxing Song , Wenhao Wang , Haocheng Feng , Errui Ding , Yifan Sun , Xinyan Xiao , Jingdong Wang

We present ReCAT, a recursive composition augmented Transformer that is able to explicitly model hierarchical syntactic structures of raw texts without relying on gold trees during both learning and inference. Existing research along this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xiang Hu , Qingyang Zhu , Kewei Tu , Wei Wu

We present NextFlow, a unified decoder-only autoregressive transformer trained on 6 trillion interleaved text-image discrete tokens. By leveraging a unified vision representation within a unified autoregressive architecture, NextFlow…

While Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) have achieved remarkable success in cross-modal comprehension, a significant gap persists in their ability to leverage such internal knowledge for high-quality generation. We formalize this discrepancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ruiyan Han , Zhen Fang , XinYu Sun , Yuchen Ma , Ziheng Wang , Yu Zeng , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Wenxuan Huang , Wei-Jie Xu , Yi Cao , Feng Zhao

Non-autoregressive Transformer is a promising text generation model. However, current non-autoregressive models still fall behind their autoregressive counterparts in translation quality. We attribute this accuracy gap to the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Yu Bao , Shujian Huang , Tong Xiao , Dongqi Wang , Xinyu Dai , Jiajun Chen

We propose UniT, a Unified Transformer model to simultaneously learn the most prominent tasks across different domains, ranging from object detection to natural language understanding and multimodal reasoning. Based on the transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Ronghang Hu , Amanpreet Singh

We present OneFlow, the first non-autoregressive multimodal model that enables variable-length and concurrent mixed-modal generation. Unlike autoregressive models that enforce rigid causal ordering between text and image generation, OneFlow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 John Nguyen , Marton Havasi , Tariq Berrada , Luke Zettlemoyer , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Current unified multimodal models typically rely on discrete visual tokenizers to bridge the modality gap. However, discretization inevitably discards fine-grained semantic information, leading to suboptimal performance in visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yaqi Zhao , Wang Lin , Zijian Zhang , Miles Yang , Jingyuan Chen , Wentao Zhang , Zhao Zhong , Liefeng Bo

Recent progress in controllable image generation and editing is largely driven by diffusion-based methods. Although diffusion models perform exceptionally well in specific tasks with tailored designs, establishing a unified model is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jiteng Mu , Nuno Vasconcelos , Xiaolong Wang

Cross-modal alignment Learning integrates information from different modalities like text, image, audio and video to create unified models. This approach develops shared representations and learns correlations between modalities, enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Bilal Faye , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah

Autoregressive and diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in language models and visual generation, respectively. We present ACDiT, a novel Autoregressive blockwise Conditional Diffusion Transformer, that innovatively combines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jinyi Hu , Shengding Hu , Yuxuan Song , Yufei Huang , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Zhiyuan Liu , Wei-Ying Ma , Maosong Sun

The recently developed discrete diffusion models perform extraordinarily well in the text-to-image task, showing significant promise for handling the multi-modality signals. In this work, we harness these traits and present a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Minghui Hu , Chuanxia Zheng , Heliang Zheng , Tat-Jen Cham , Chaoyue Wang , Zuopeng Yang , Dacheng Tao , Ponnuthurai N. Suganthan

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) enable high-fidelity synthesis by operating in learned latent spaces. However, training state-of-the-art LDMs requires complex staging: a tokenizer must be trained first, before the diffusion model can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Shivam Duggal , Xingjian Bai , Zongze Wu , Richard Zhang , Eli Shechtman , Antonio Torralba , Phillip Isola , William T. Freeman

Notable breakthroughs in unified understanding and generation modeling have led to remarkable advancements in image understanding, reasoning, production and editing, yet current foundational models predominantly focus on processing images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhiyu Tan , Hao Yang , Luozheng Qin , Jia Gong , Mengping Yang , Hao Li

World model-based searching and planning are widely recognized as a promising path toward human-level physical intelligence. However, current driving world models primarily rely on video diffusion models, which specialize in visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yuntao Chen , Yuqi Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang